32 
Here we see the same forms of minute tools found in Central 
and Southern France. 
With few exceptions the English pigmies have been found 
confined to patches of sandy ground from 30 acres in extent 
down to 100 square yards ; and, owing to their being discovered 
on the surface and unaccompanied by any of the larger tools 
typical either of Early or Late Stone Age man, it has been found 
impossible to determine with certainty the true position they 
occupy in the prehistoric periods of the countries to which they 
belong. It is true that a few large examples of the same type 
have been found in the French caverns with the remains of 
palzolithic man, but recent discoveries seem to indicate that the 
true pigmies were made in the Later Stone Age or Neolithic 
period. 
As the question of the uses to which these small tools were 
put is still open, one cannot pass it by without taking a personal 
‘‘pot-shot.” Many probable suggestions have been brought 
forward in answer to this query. It is thought they may have 
been used for tattooing, as barbs for arrows or harpoons, as 
fishhooks, etc. Many of the larger specimens would have made 
most excellent arrowpoints, and that the same forms were so 
used in late paleolithic times we have unmistakable evidence in 
this slide.* This shows us two lumbar vertebre of a young 
reindeer found in the Grotto of Les Eyzies, Dordogne, France. 
Both are pierced with one of these flint points, thus showing 
that the animal was shot in the back by the cave men, who 
kindly left the arrow points in situ so that we might have some- 
thing to enlighten us in these studious days. 
The most interesting discovery of flint implements yet 
recorded frém Sussex is that made by Mr. W. J. Lewis Abbott on 
the rock ledges in front of the cliff caves at Hastings. Our next 
slide shews the excavation of what is presumed to be an ancient 
refuse heap situated on the rock ledge just under the mouth of 
one of the Hastings caves. Here it was that Mr. Lewis Abbott 
found a large number of the various types of pigmy flint 
instruments. Associated with them were hundreds of flint 
flakes, cores, hollow scrapers, cooking-stones, pottery, and the 
bones of the shorthorn ox, pig, horse, sheep, goat, dog, wolf, fox, 
hare, rabbit, badger, birds, fishes and skells. 
Here are shown some of the Hastings finds. First we have 
the pigmies, some of which have been mounted by Mr. Abbott 
to show what they might have been used for; drilled bones, 
probably used as ornaments; and a flint core, showing us how 
prehistoric man failed in his attempt to get off a flake whic 
would have made an admirable pigmy tool. 

* La Gaule avant les Gaulois, par. M. Alexandre Bertrand, 1891. 
p- 97, figs. 76 and 77. 
