42 
Individuality.” We are justified in saying that Dr, Caird has been 
the medium of gathering together the diffracted rays and made it 
possible once again to see the pure white light of truth. If it 
had not been given to him as it has been given to few to take a 
great step forward, he has at least held the ground, and prepared 
the way for further progress. And if the next great advance of 
philosophy be made by one of his disciples he would doubtless 
consider that he has had his reward. Be that as it may, his circle 
of readers who find in his books the reconciliation of philosophy 
and poetry, of the literature of science, and the literature of 
sentiment and reflexion, will grow, while his old students when 
they meet will not cease to allude to him in reverent under- 
tones as an instructor who, not less through the magnetism of his 
personality than by discipline in the art to think, profoundly 
influenced their lives. 
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY atstT, 1908. 
Some British Echinoderms, 
BY 
ED) GCONN@LID, F225.) Ti 
HIS lecture was illustrated with 50 lantern slides especially 
photographed by the lecturer from natural and living 
echinoderms. 
Many of the views were photo-micrographs of the structure 
of these animals and of various organs attached to them. 
In his lecture Mr. Connold treated of the following :— 
The Ophiuroidea, or Snake tails—The Holothurotdea, or Sea- 
Cucumbers—The Spatangoidea, or Heart-Urchins—The Echinide, 
or Sea-Urchins—The Asveroidea, or Starfishes—Elucidation of the 
term Echinodermata—All British Echinoderms are marine—Slow 
in movement—Immense variety of interest in their structure and 
economy—The quinqueradial symmetry—Their habits and modes 
of life—The larval condition—Respiratory organs—Locomotion 
factors—The water-vascular system—The nervous system—The 
skeletal framework—The mandibulatory apparatus—The various 
foods—The test, and its growth—The Periproct—The Peristome 
—The ambulacral areas—The interambulacral areas—The Madre- 
porite, and its function—The Spines, their mode of attachment 
and rotatory power—The Pedicellari : their forms, actions and 
functions—The Pseudopodia—The Ambulacree—The Acetabule. 
