CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO FRUIT GROWING. 89 
profitable will it be found to plant fruit trees, other conditions 
of course being equal; hence it comes that we find ourselves 
supplied with Apples from America and Pears from the interior 
of France, in both of which countries the heat in summer and 
the cold in winter are much greater than in this country. 
TABLE II. 
Chel- 
Barn- | Brigh- |tenham} Cam- | Liver- Ches- 
staple.| ton. | Glou-|bridge.| pool. | Truro.| ter. 
Devon.| Sussex,| cester- 
shire, 
Average Mean ° ° ° ° ° o o 
Minimum Tem- {| April.| 42.8 | 40.4 | 37.8 | 38.1 | 40.4 | 41.3 | 38.5 
perature, 1878(| May.| 47.9 | 44.9 | 41.7 | 454 | 45.2 ae ae 
to 1880 ...... June. | 54.0 | 51.5 | 49.0 | 49.3 | 51.4 
1878 | 35.0 | 28.2 | 22.4 | 23.6 | 32.5 | 28.0 
Lowest Tempera- 1879 | 27.0 | 26.5 | 26.5 | 28.0 | 29.8 | 24.0 
ture in April.. || 1880 | 36.0 | 36.4 | 27.5 | 30.0 | 36.9 | 31.0 
AVEFage } sees lt ber] 33:0) 1/304 ¢| 25-51) 27220) 330F 12707 
Average Mean 70.9 ‘by 
M AK ¢ . . . . . . 
mie 1878 Aug. 7208 70.0 | 69.1 | 73.2 a 69:9 69.4 
ip Short .. 4 Sept 65.6 | 64.1 | 68.3 2.2 | 65.8 | 64.9 
= | Liver- | Col- 
1878 1879 1880. pool. | wyn. 
| 
| lo ° ° ° ° 
Mean Maximum )| July. 67.3 | 61.6 | 64.4 ||Mean Mini- 
at Liverpool. . \ Aug. 67.2 | 63.6 | 68.3 |/mum in| 41.5 | 41.0 
. April, 1880 
Mean Maximum | July... .- | 65.9 
at Colwyn.... | Aug. ae oof tdyie'e , | 69.2 
The summer temperature acts on the fruit crop in a twofold 
manner, affecting both the quantity and the quality: the first 
by the extent to which it ripens the wood of the trees, and the 
second by the more or less perfect ripening of the fruit. This 
has been well exemplified in the last two years in my own garden 
at Colwyn Bay. The summer of 1878 being a fairly hot one, 
and the wood of the trees well ripened, pyramid Pear trees bore 
remarkably well in the summer of 1879, but this last being 
extraordinarily wet and cold the fruit barely ripened, and was 
very inferior in quality ; and in consequence of this weather not 
ripening the wood in 1879 the crop in 1880 was simply zz/. It 
is worth while remarking that the hot month in 1878 was July 
(mean maximum at Liverpool, 67°.3, in August, 67°.2), and 
that the Pears bore abundantly, requiring much thinning, while 
Apples bore but indifferently ; and as there was no frost there 
when the trees were in blossom, which was three weeks later 
than in the previous year (Pears only beginning to open their 
