56 ANURA CHAP. 



Boulenger ' lias summarised the various conditions concerning the 

 deposition and care that is taken of the eggs, in the following 

 list, in which more recent discoveries have been interpolated. 



I. Tlie ovum is small, and the larva leaves it in a comparatively early 

 embryonic condition. 



A. The eggs are laid in the water :— 



((. Without further care oi' pre2)arations : probably the majority 

 of Anura ; all Eniopean forms, except Alytes. 



h. The eggs are laid in a specially walled-in part of the ]»ond : 

 Hyla faber. 



B. The eggs are deposited out of the water : — 



rt. In holes, or under grass, near the banks of pools. The larvae 

 are lil)erated and washed into the water by the next heavy 

 rain: Lei^todactylus ocellatus, L. mystacinus, Palvrlicola (jracilif, 

 Pseudo])1iryne australis and P. hihroni. 

 h. On leaves above the water, the larvae dropping down when 

 leaving the vgg : CMromanfis r)(frsren>', Phyllomcdvsa iheringi, 

 Ph. hyj)ocliondrialis. 

 II. The yolk is very large and tlie young undergoes the Avhole or part of 

 the metamorphosis within the egg ; at any rate the larva does not 

 assume an independent existence until after the loss of the gills. 



A. The eggs are deposited in damp situations, or on leaves. Tlie 

 young escape as : — 



(f. Tadpoles : Arthroleptis sfiiclwllensix, lilaicophorus schlegeli, FJi. 



maculatas. 

 h. Perfect, air-breathing frogs: Rami opisthndon, Hylodfs mar- 



tinicensis, Hyla nebulosa. 



B. The eggs are carried by a parent, 

 rt. By the male :■ — 



«. Round the legs ; the young leaves the egg in the tadpole 

 stage : Alytes. 



[3. In the enlarged vocal sacs ; the young leave in the perfect 

 state : Rhinoderma. 

 b. By the female : — 



u. Attached to the belly : Rhacophorus reticulatax. 



ft. Attached to the back ; the yoiuig complete their metamor- 

 phosis within the egg : Pipa. 



y. In a dorsal pouch which the young leave as tadpoles : Noto- 

 trema marsupiatmn : — or in the perfect state : Nototremn 

 testudinpuw, N. cornutum, N. oviferinn, N. fis.sipes, and Hyht 

 iloi'Jdii. 



The development and metamorphosis of many species have 

 been described in the systematic part. The following is a short 

 general account of some of the more important features. Meta- 

 morphosis in the Apoda and Urodela is restricted chiefly to tlie 

 reduction of the gills, the closing of the clefts, and the loss of the 

 ' Ann. Xat. Hist. (5), xvii. ISSC, p. 463. 



