VI GENYOPHRYNINAE RANIDAE CERATOBATRACHINAE 237 



dilated. Tympanum hidden. Head large and much depressed. 

 Heel with a triangular dermal flap. The smooth skin is pink 

 brown above, with blackish marks ; a light line extends on each 

 side from the eye along the back. Under parts black. About 

 32 mm. in length. Sudest Island, between New Guinea and 

 the Louisiade Archipelago. 



Fam. 7. Ranidae. — Frogs, in the true sense, are all well 

 diagnosed as Firmisternia, with cylindrical sacral diapophyses. 

 According to the presence or absence of teeth in the jaws they 

 can be subdivided as follows : — 



Sub-Fam. 1. Ceratobatrachinae, with teeth in the upper and 

 in the lower jaws. The sole representative is the genus Cerato- 

 hatrachvs. 



Sub-Fam. 2, Raninae, with teeth in the upper, but none in 

 the lower jaw. These are the Eanidae of Boulenger in the 

 Catalogue of Batrachia Salientia. 



Sub-Fam. 3. Dendrobatinae, without teeth in the upper and 

 lower jaws. 



Sub-Fam. 1. Ceratobatrachinae. — Teeth present in both 

 jaws. Those of the lower jaw, between 20 and 30 in number in 

 Ceratohatrachus, the only genus, are nearly all inserted upon the 

 articular bone : only 2 or 3 are carried by the dentary element, 

 which, although large, enters into the formation of the upper 

 border of the jaw at the anterior end only. In the small extent 

 of the share of the dentary in the formation of the edge of the 

 lower jaw, and in its anterior " toothlike " process, Rana adspersa 

 of Africa bears unmistakable resemblance to this genus. The 

 tongue is deeply notched, and free behind. Pupil horizontal. 

 Vomers furnished with teeth. Tympanum distinct and large. 

 Precoracoids present. Omosternum and presternum with a bony 

 style. Sacral diapophyses cylindrical. Fingers and toes free, 

 with swollen tips. Outer metatarsals united. Male with two 

 internal vocal sacs. 



C. guentheri, Solomon Islands, the only species, has an 

 enormous mouth and a triangular head not much smaller than 

 the rest of the body. The skull is furnished with prominent 

 ridges and a small curved spine at the angle of the jaws. The 

 hind -limbs are rather short. The skin of the upper parts shows 

 linear ridges, variously arranged ; that of the belly is granular. 

 A triangular dermal flap on the tip of the muzzle, one on the 



