10 BULLETIN NO. 1, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. 
nearly every leaf. Ina large number of cases where the fruit of one 
side, or certain branches, is rusting, the leaves of these parts show 
mites or their work. I have not yet found a tree in which this connec- 
tion between the mite and rust upon the fruit could not be detected. 
Experiments with Neal’s mixture* give upon the whole rather disap- 
pointing results. The scales are certainly killed by it in large num- 
bers, and if thickly and thoroughly applied, about 80 per cent. of the 
gravid scales with their young and unhatched eggs are killed, and very 
nearly all the very young scales are also destroyed. But it is also cer- 
tain that it injures the tree, to some extent, by coating the bark and 
surface of the leaves. I do not think that permanent injury is done by 
it. Very much the same thing can be said of the washes in common 
use, most of which are compounds, in varying proportions, of soap, 
whale-oil soap, lye, soda-ash, and sometimes sulphate of iron and sul- 
phate of copper. These last are very injurious to the trees, and I do 
not think they are very effective as a remedy against the scale. I have 
seen oranges entirely ruined, and with the rind eaten through, by appli- 
cations of blue-stone, while aN effect upon the scales appeared to have 
been almost nothing. 
On September 3 I drove over to Welaka, on the Saint John’s River, 
about 8 miles from here. I found the scales in about the same condition 
as here; no apparent difference in the number of eggs hatched. Rust 
appears to be doing an unusual amount of damage everywhere this year. 
On the way back I had occasion to examine a lemon tree which I last 
saw in May, 1880, and which at that time was badly infested with the 
‘““bran-scale” (M. citricola). It is now almost entirely free from scales, 
and growing vigorously, although nothing had been done to it, and the 
tree had not even been fertilized. I have several times seen evidence 
that this scale (M. citricola) is more subject to attacks of enemies than 
the ‘long scale” (I. gloverii). This may be due to the fact that it is 
much thinner and not so tightly cemented to the bark. At any rate it 
is not nearly so much feared by orange-growers, and the opinion is often 
expressed that it will disappear from any tree in a few years of itself if 
left undisturbed. 
On September 4 a gentleman brought me a specimen of Huphoria me- 
lancholica which he had taken with others in the act of eating holes in 
the bark of an orange tree. He says that one of his trees has been 
badly attacked by them, and he has killed a number on several occa- 
sions, finding them at work on the tree. They have eaten a succession 
of holes through the bark, each hole about the diameter of his little 
finger. The bark splits between the holes where several are cut near 
each other. There was a small black ant feeding upon the exuding 
gum at the same time. It seems to ine possible that the ants were the 
originators of the mischief and the beetles were only feeding upon the 
*The reader is referred to the Annual Report of the Department for 1881-82 for a 
description of this mixture. 
