34 BULLETIN NO. 4, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. 
HOP INSECTS. 
The hop crop this year was greatly damaged by insects, principally 
the Hop Aphis, ably seconded by the ‘‘ Grub,” and materially assisted 
by a number of other pests. Herkimer in early summer, Waterville 
later on, and then Cooperstown furnished the centers of investigation. 
At Athens Iexamineda yard that had formerly suffered much from inseet 
_ attack, and the yards in the vicinity of Deansville and Oriskany Falls 
were visited, so that I might be able to detect local pests, should there 
be any unusually abundant. To Mr. Frank Cutter, editor of the Wa- 
terville Times, | owe thanks for the courtesy, assistance, and informa- 
tion afforded me; to Mr. Lawrence, manager of the Hop Extract works 
at Waterville, [am indebted for information and free permission to dig, 
delve, and otherwise amuse myself in his hop yard, and to sacrifice such 
numbers of vines as the necessities of the case might demand. At 
Herkimer, Mr. George W. Pine assisted me in making a first acquaintance 
with the “Grub.” At Cooperstown, Mr. J. F. Clark gave me great aid 
in my researches on the Aphis. To Mr. Ira C. Jenks, of Deansville, I 
tender my thanks for aid on the same subject, and to the growers every- 
where I owe gratitude for such aid and information as they were able 
to give me. 
One of the insects most destructive to the hop vine, and which threat- 
ened at one time to entirely destroy the yards in certain districts is— 
THE HOP GRUB. 
(Larva of Hydrecia immanis Gn.) 
This insect measures from 1} to 2 inches in expanse of wing, is stoutly 
built, of a yellowish brown or rather pale rust color; the middle portion 
of the fore wing is darkest, and incloses two large, somewhat kidney- 
shaped, paler spots; the outer portion of the wing is paler; the hind 
wings are rather more yellowish, uniformly colored, and not so thickly 
covered with scales as are the fore wings. 
Of this moth a few specimens appear in the fail, but the majority ap- 
pear in spring, from the beginning to the end of May or later, according 
to the season. 
The egg is deposited by the female upon the tip of the hop vine when 
it begins to climb, and is, as | am informed by Mr. Fees and Mr. Jenks, 
about the sizeof a pin head, globular in form, and of-a yellowish-green 
color. The egg hatches in a few days and produces a minute, slender, 
greenish larva, spotted with black, which immediately burrows into the 
vine just below the tip, and spends a part of its life in the vine at this 
point. 
The vine soon shows the effect of the insect’s work; instead of pointing 
upward, embracing the pole readily and growing rapidly, the tip points 
downward, will not climb, and almost entirely ceases growing. This 
appearance is called by growers a “mufile head,” and such “ muffle 
