R®&MEDIES AGAINST THE HOP GRUB av 
“muffle heads” as they appear, a yard of considerable extent can be 
kept clear with little trouble; the larve do not appear to remain in the 
head more than a week or ten days, and that during the time when the 
vines are low, the tips within plain sight and easily reached. 
Fourth. If none of the preceding methods have succeeded in entirely 
ridding the yard of grubs, and as a matter of precaution, even if no 
damage from grubs is observed, it is good policy to 
expose the roots for a few days; but little trouble 
is necessary to do this, for before hilling the roots 
are but scarcely covered, and only enough earth 
to bare the junction of the growing vine with the 
old root need be removed. This should be done 
early in June, when the larve have left the inside 
of the vines. They will not eat above ground, and 
will take to the old roots, to which they do little 
orno harm. Five or six days will be a sufficiently 
long time to expose the roots; then apply a hand- 
ful of a mixture of coal and wood ashes, 
or ammoniated phosphate, and hill high. 
Both of these substances have been used 
as remedies against the grub, and both 
successfully by some and unsuccessfully Vig. 2. 
by others; the differences are unreconcilable by the fact that 
in neither case was it the application of the ashes or phos- 
phates that destroyed or kept off the grub, but the treatment 
adopted in conjunction with these applications. If, in addition 
to the application of any desired fertilizer, the 
vines are hilled, and the hills made high, the vines 
will throw off rootlets above the main root and 
be able to derive sustenance from them, whereas 
when there are no hills, or the hills are low, when 
the grub does attack the vine it immediately de- 
prives it of a part of the necessary sustenance 
and impairs its vitality. Both the ashes and 
phosphate are repugnant to the grub, but not 
deadly, and it will dare them after a few days to 
get at its favorite location. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 ex- 
plain my meaning; the former is from a vine al- 
most eaten off, but still flourishing, being sus- 
tained by its rootlets, much longer and more- 
numerous than indicated in the figure, while the 
two latter are from vines insufficiently hilled, and which were killed 
by the grubs. The vine represented in Fig. 3 had been slightly bent 
and partially covered with earth and was attacked by three grubs in 
as many places. 
Parasites I have not found or heard of, but the larva of a Carabid! 
probably Calosoma calidum, is known to feed on the young grubs. A. 
Fig. 3. 
