COTTON CULTURE—DIRECTION OF WINDS. 69 
was thus enabled to make as complete a table of the exports of cotton 
from the whole empire as it is possible to obtain. [have arranged these 
tables so as to show the exports both by years and by provinces, and have 
reduced the weights, which were originally given in arrobas and kilo- 
grams, to pounds. Anything like a complete report of exports can only 
be had as far back as 185152. From other sources I found that cot- 
ton had been exported from Brazil as early as 1760, when 20,833 pounds 
were shipped from Maranhao. From 1851-52 to 1875~76 the total ex- 
ports from all the provinces reached 1,532,272,075 pounds. 
I gathered some trustworthy information in regard to the ravages of 
the cotton insects in the province of Sao Paulo, which is the most 
southerly province in which cotton has been grown successfully, and 
with it an idea of the percentage of loss caused by these insects in that 
part of the country. : 
From the works of M. Mouchez, formerly a lieutenant in the Brazilian 
navy, anda good authority on the subject, I have obtained a series of 
charts showing the direction of winds along the northern coast of Brazil 
for eachimonth in the year. From Maury’s data, as furnished me by 
the United States Hydrographic Office, I have also constructed charts 
for each month of the year, showing the same thing. 
In addition to the reports on winds, already mentioned as having 
been obtained at Palmares, in the province of Pernambuco, I received 
from Dr. Draennert, the director of the Imperial Agricultural School 
at Bahia, a report on the direction of winds at that place, the observa- 
tions having been made by him, and covering a period of six years. 
This report includes information in regard to the force of the winds. 
Having obtained all the historical and statistical information to be 
had in Rio de Janeiro upon the subjects which I was directed by you to 
investigate, and having sent out the circular questions asking for fur- 
ther information on these subjects, [ embarked at Rio de Janeiro for 
New York on the 18th of April, and reached Washington on the 16th 
of May of the present year. 
I have already received a number of valuable replies to the cireular 
and shall doubtless receive others before the report upon my work will 
have been finished. 
I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, 
JOHN C. BRANNER, 
Special Agent. 
Prof. C. V. RILEY, 
U. S. Entomologist. 
