38 THE PERIODICAL CICADA 
Andras, of Manchester, and upon their authority Green and Morgan 
counties have to be added to the list. 
From Kentucky I had no direct news in 1881, but they appeared 
there in that year, according to an article in the Scientific American for 
July 9, 1881. Specified localities are, however, not given. 
In Arkansas the article just alluded to records them in large numbers 
at Little Rock, Fort Smith, and Hot Springs. Rev. W. C. Stout, of 
Hawkstone P. O. wrote me recording them from Conway County, and 
stating his knowledge of their appearance in 1842, 1855, 1868, and 1881. 
Mr. M. F. Markle, Hazen, Prairie County (letter of June 4, 1881), an- 
nounces the appearance of the Cicadas at his place. Mr. J. J. Brown, 
in a communication to Colman’s Rural World, January 1, 1873, states 
that the Cicada occupied that portion of northwestern Arkarsas which 
is watered by White River and its tributaries, having appeared regu- 
larly every thirteen years since it was settled by the whites. From his 
own observations he traces them back to 1842, and believes * that they 
have been steadily decreasing in numbers for the past sixty-nine years, 
or since 1803.” 
Mr. John D. Wilkins, Selma, Ala., took particular pains to ascertain 
the extent of the brood in Alabama, and, as the result of his inquiries 
and observations, he wrote me, July 11, 1881, that the Cicadas occupied 
that year the central and northern portions generally, notably Dallas, 
Perry, Lowndes, Montgomery and Blount Counties and adjacent dis- 
tricts, and that they were most abundant in the northern portion. 
Other confirmatory reports were received from the counties mentioned 
by Mr. Wilkins, while, according to the Scientific American of July 9, 
1881, they extended in Alabama as far south as Mobile. 
In Tennessee they were observed in 1855 and 1868 in the vicinity of 
Nashville by Mr. William Prichard, of that place (letter of January 5, 
1873), and Mr. George McKnight, of Yorkville, Gibson County, stated, 
in a letter of April 23, 1881, that in 1868 the Cicadas appeared generally 
throughout middle Tennessee. 
In Georgia Mr. John Murphy, of Fairburn, Campbell County (letter 
not dated), observed them in his county in 1842, 1855, and 1868, and 
they appedred also, according to D. C. Sutton, in 1868, in Walker County 
and the northwestern part of the State in general. 
From North Carolina Mr. Calvin J. Cowles, of the United States 
assay office at Charlotte, was kind enough to furnish the following 
data on the distribution of the Cicada in 1881 (letter of April 28, 1882): 
‘“‘ They were here [at Charlotte], and they were in Iredell County, extend- 
ing from a point a few miles west of Statesville to the Alexander and 
Wilkes County line, and running over so as to embrace the Brushy 
Mountain section to a point 8 miles southeast of Wilkesboro’, and on 
up the range of mountains to the vicinity of Lenoir, in Caldwell 
County.” 
In South Carolina Mr. Henry Trescott, of Pendleton, Anderson 
