ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 4I 
sent special modifications. A pharyngeal pumping apparatus 
is present, which is similar in its general plan to that of Lepi- 
doptera and Diptera, as presently described, though it differs 
as regards the smaller details of construction. 
Fic. 50. 
Mouth parts of a hemipteron, Benacus griseus. A, dorsal aspect; B, transverse sec- 
tion; C, extremity of mandible; D, transverse section of mandibles and maxille; c, 
canal; /, labrum; /i, labium; m, mandible; mx, maxille. 
Lepidoptera.—In Lepidoptera, excepting Eriocephala, the 
labrum is reduced (Fig. 51) and the mandibles are either rudi- 
mentary or absent (Rhopalocera). The two manille are rep- 
resented by their galeze, which form a conspicuous proboscis ; 
the grooved inner faces of the gale (or laciniz, according to 
Kellogg) form the sucking tube, which opens into the cesoph- 
agus. The labium is reduced, though the labial palpi (Fig. 
52) are well developed. The so-called rudimentary mandi- 
bles of Anosia and other forms have been shown by Kellogg 
to be lateral projections of the labrum (Fig. 51) and he terms 
them pilifers. 
