7© ENTOMOLOGY 
Fic. 8o. 
. 
valves of each side are held together 
z by tongues and grooves, which, how- 
C ever, permit sliding movements to take 
place. Most authorities have found 
: - that the gonapophyses belong to the 
segmental series of paired appendages 
Cross section of the 
and 
are homodynamous with limbs 
ovipositor of Sirex. c, 
channel; d, d, dorsal pertain commonly to abdominal segments 
valves; i, united inner : aan 
valves; v, v ventral Seven, eight and nine. 
valves.—After TASCHEN- The 
BERG, 
ovipositor attains its greatest 
complexity in Hymenoptera, in) which 
it becomes modified tor 
Fic. 81. 
sawing, boring or sting- 
ing. In Sirer (Tig. 80) 
the inner valves are 
united together; in Apis 
the dorsal valves are rep- 
T"1G. 82. 
Sting of honey bee. A, 1, 2, 3, positions 
s, sheath. B, 
cross section; c, channel; 7, united inner 
in three successive thrusts; 
valves, forming the sheath; wv, wv, ventral 
valves, or darts.—A, after CHESHIRE; B, after 
IENGER. 
resented by a pair of palpi, the 
inner valves unite to form the 
sheath (Fig. 81, B), and the ven- 
tral two form the darts, each of 
Sting and poison apparatus © which has ten barbed teeth behind 
of honey bee. ag, accessory : : 
gland; p, palpus; pg, poison 1S Apex, which tend to prevent 
miane acormic: acid); 7, Tesct- the withdrawal Jot the* stile rome 
voir; s, sting.—After JRAEPE- . 
LIN. wound. The action of the sting, as 
