ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 99 
tine, acetic acid and other pungent fluids, no longer re- 
spond to the same stimuli after their antennz have been 
amputated or else covered with paraffine to exclude the 
air. His experiments were conducted under conditions 
such that the results could not be ascribed to the shock 
Fic. 130. FIGs 123i. 
Taste cup from maxilla Section of antennal olfac- 
of Bombus. sc, sensory tory organ of grasshopper, 
cell; n, nerve.—After WILL. Caloptenus. c, cuticula; m, 
membrane; 1, nucleus. of 
sensory cell; nv, nerve; p, 
pit with olfactory peg; pg 
pigment.—After Hauser. 
of the operation or to effects upon the gustatory or res- 
piratory systems; except for having lost the sense of smell, 
the insects experimented upon behaved in a normal manner. It 
should be said, however, that Carabus, Melolontha and Silpha 
still reacted to some extent toward strong vapors even after the 
extirpation of the antennz ; while in Hemiptera the loss of the 
antenne did not lessen the response to the odors used. ‘These 
facts indicate that the sense of smell is not always confined to 
the antennz; indeed the maxillary palpi are frequently olfac- 
tory, as in Silpha and Hydaticus; also the cerci, as in the cock- 
roach and other Orthoptera. Experiments indicate that an 
