40. THAMNOPHIS 805 
scale-rows are 19—-19——17 in one hundred and thirty-four 
and 19—21—19—17 in one. The gastrosteges vary in 
number from 156 to 177, males having from 161 to 175, 
females from 156 to 174; the average in forty-seven males 
is 168.7, in eighty-one females, 163.7. The urosteges 
vary from 74 to 97, males having from 82 to 97, females 
from 74 to 93; the average in thirty-eight males is 89.8, 
in fifty females, 82.8. 
There is much variation in color. Certain types of 
coloration seem to be more frequent in certain localities 
than elsewhere. Thus, the majority of the snakes from the 
San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys and the Klamath 
region differ in appearance from those from Santa Clara 
County and the southern coast. Much larger series might 
perhaps throw light upon these conditions, which now are 
obscure. 
Some specimens have bright red heads. Others, per- 
haps of the same lot, have no red, or heads that are partially 
red. The red-headed snakes are of both sexes, various 
ages, and all sorts of localities. 
Distribution—The Pacific Garter-Snake ranges over 
most of California excepting the desert areas and the north 
coast of Del Norte, Shasta, Humboldt, Mendocino, Sonoma, 
Napa and Marin counties. It is abundant in many parts 
of this range, and has been reported from western Nevada 
(Nixon, Pyramid Lake), and southern Oregon (Sycan 
Marsh, Lakeview, Klamath Falls, Fort Klamath). I have 
examined specimens from Modoc (Alturas, Likely, Goose 
Lake, Davis Creek, Warner Mountains, Cedarville), Butte 
(Oroville), Sutter (West Butte), El Dorado (Fyffe, Lake 
Tahoe), Placer (Lake Tahoe), Mariposa (Dudley, Yosem- 
ite Valley, Coulterville, Pleasant Valley), Fresno (Fresno), 
Kern (Isabella, Weldon, Buttonwillow), Merced (Los 
