FISHES OB" HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 605 



Arrangement of photophores: Subocular 1, with a short vertical bar of l)laek pigment behind it. 

 Preoperculars 2, one under its lower angle, the other on level of middle of sides. Branchiostcgal 

 photophores 10 (rarely 11). In the lower lateral series there are 13 between istluuns and ventrals; 5 

 between ventrals and anal, the third of these oppo.site the vent, the fourth and iifth on the transhieent 

 strip of body wall between vent and front of anal; 11 (rarely 10) along base of anal; li along cauiial 

 peduncle; 2 on base of caudal, the anterior opposite the rudimentary rays, the posterior scarcely more 

 elevated, at ba-^e of lower caudal rays; there is no break in the lower lateral series, and none of the 

 spots are elevated. Spots of the upper lateral series 7 to 10 in luunber, sometimes ceasing before ventrals, 

 sometimes continued to a point opposite the vent; all small, like tho.-*e of the lower series, and not jiro- 

 vided with special gland of convoluted tubes. 



Color dark brown above and on sides, black on abdomen and sides of head; basal portion of each 

 dorsal and anal ray and each interspinous and interha>mal lione black. 



Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. .3981, vicinity of Kauai, 414 to (iSli fathoms; 

 4005, vicinity of Kauai, 480 to 577 fathoms; 4018, vicinity of Kauai, 724 to 804 fathoms; 4026, vicinity 

 of Kauai, 368 to 1021 fathoms; 4110, Kaiwi Channel, 449 to 46U fathcims; 4126, between Oahu and 

 Kauai, 743 to 1278 fathoms; 4141, vicinity of Kauai, 437 to 632 fathoms; 4154, vicinity of Bird Island, 

 636 to 850 fathoms; 4180, vicinity of Niihau Island, 417 to 426 fathoms. 



Very young specimens of this species were frequently found adhering to the trawl w'ebbing in all 

 parts of the trawl, and this was frequently the case when the trawl had not reached the bottom. As 

 it was taken only in deep hauls (over 400 fathoms), it mu.st be a truly bathybial, but nut a bottom 

 form. The great n^ductinn of the gill-laminaj is in favor of its bathybial habit. 



Cyclothone atraria, new species. Plate 72, lig. 2. 



Type, 53 mm. long (not including the injured caudal tin), from station 41S7. the vi<-inity of Kauai 

 Island', depth 508 to 703 fathoms; type. No. 52055, U. S. Nat. Mus. 



Head 23 hundredths of total length without caudal; eye 2; distance from tip of snout to end of 

 maxillary 19; snout 3.5; interorbital width 4; uiandihle 21 ; greatest depth (at nape) 14.5; least depth 

 of caudal peduncle 5; distance from tip of snout to front of dorsal 58; base of dorsal 20; distance from 

 dorsal tin to base of mi<ldle caudal ray 24.5; distance from base of pectorals to base of ventrals 23; from 

 base of ventrals to front of anal 12; base of anal 30; distance fnjm the last anal ray to tlic miildle 

 caudal ray 14; length of pectorals 12; .of ventrals 10; distance from ventrals to vent 5. I). 15; .\. 16; 

 scales in about 28 transverse series, 15 or 16 in advance of the line joining lirst rays of dorsal and anal 

 fins; gill-rakers of outer arch 7 -f 13; branchiostegals 10. 



Anterior half of maxillary containing very minute teeth, those near middle scarcely discernible; 

 posterior half with about 17 teeth, regularly increasing in size posteriorly, all but 2 or 3 of the posterior 

 teeth equally inclined forward and with slightly re<'urved tips, none of them enlarged or caninc-likc; 

 Ijremaxillary with 6 to 8 small teeth somewhat increasing in size anteriorly ; mandibular teeth line, 

 close-set, inclining obliquely forward, those posteriorly iniTcasiiig in length; anteriorly on each side 

 are 2 widely-separated well-detined canines. 



The scales have all fallen, but scars jjersist and are conspiiaious. In other species known to us no 

 trace of scales persists. 



Color uniform black on head and body, and apparently also on the vertical tins. 



Photophores are present as follows: Subocular 1; pri'operculars 2; brancliiostegals 9; of the lower 

 lateral series, 13 between isthmus and ventrals (the 3 anterior cmwdi'd), 5 between ventrals and front 

 of anal (the last nearly opposite lirst anal ray), 15 from front of anal to ba.se of caudal, the latter 

 arranged as in ('. caiimit; the upper lateral series contains S pli(]to|ihores. 



The type only is known. 



Family ASTKONESTHID.J:. 



Astronesthes lucifer, n<'\\ species. Plate 71, lig. 3. 



Type, 75 mm. long, from station 4026, vicinity of Kauai Island, depth 368 to 1,021 fathoms: net 

 probably not on the bottom; type. No. 51516, U. S. Nat. IMus. 



Very closely rel.ited to .1. martiiisii Khmzinger, from the lied Sea, differing in the very elongate 

 pectorals and ventrals, and the much smaller eye. 



