FTSHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 609 



Fariil) STrRNOPTVLHID.i;. 



Sternoptyx cUaphana ilcnn.-mii. 



Scvoral nmall s|>fcinu'iis woic «'ciirfil, pivsi'iitiiif; no very wide difforenpcs in form or general 

 apiiearaiii'i'. (Inc in<livi(liial differs frcjni all the i>thers in havin<j the '2 frontal ridges eonverj^ing 

 siriingly bai-kwaril, tluis inelosing a narrowly wedge-shaped space. In other cases thesis ridges are 

 parallel, their terminal spines diverging. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Xos. HSSS, 

 off the north coast of Molokai, SOU fathoms; .•«K)4, off north coast of Molokai, 205 fathonjs; :5!I17, off the 

 sonlh coast of (_)ahn, 294-83(1 fathoms; 4005, near Kanai, 480-577 fatlioms; 40a), near Kanai, ;!(iS-l()i'l 

 fatlioms; 410o, Kaiwi Channel, :;i4-:i:-!r) fathoms; 4110, Kaiwi Channel, 449-460 fathoms; 4111, Kaiwi 

 Channel, 4<>(l-470 fathoms; 4ir)4, near Bird Island, l)Hti-S50 fathoms; 415"), near Bird Island, Illi4-15!l4 

 fathoms; 41i;(i, near Bird Island, 2i«-S00 fathoms. 



Polyipnus nuttingi, new s]]ei'ii's. Plate 7:!. 



Type, .S3 mm. long, from station 4088, in the approach to tlie railnln Channel between Molokai 

 and Mani, depth 297 to :iOI) fathoms: type, Xo. r>|.-.99, C. S. Xat. Mils. 



Head '.i.'S in length withont caudal; <leiitli 1.4; depth of caudal peduncle 8. .5; Ijnrizontal diameter 

 of eye 7.25; vertical diameter (1.25. I). \S\ \. 17; I*. 13; \'. 7. 



Closely reseml)ling in form /'. .yiinn^HK GiintluT, from tlu' Philippines, and /'. Klfrmpi .lordan and 

 Stiir'is, from .I:ipan, but the posterior half of the body tapers more rapidly anil forms a longer, slenderer 

 • tudal pMuncle. The eye is larger, its horizontal diameter 2.2 in the head. The pair of cre.sts on 

 top of head are higher and very thin, i>rovided with nnnute subeqnal spines equally spaced, the 

 posterior 2 of these spines parallel to the others and not specialized. The post-temporals are niovably 

 articulated with the cranium, their proximal portions forming 2 slightly diverging ridges behind tlu' 

 occiput, each ridge minutely serrulate and terndnating |iosteriorly in a backwardlv directed spine, 

 which is much shorter and weaker than in I', shnnjir. Through the lateral motion of the post-tem- 

 porals, these spines can be approximated on the mi.i-dorsal line, or divaricated like the preopercular 

 spines of cottoids. The distal limb of the ]iost-temporal is directed dow nward ami a little forward, its 

 u])per portion provided with a si'rrulate crest. Theie are no strong accessory spines directed down- 

 wanl and backward from the ba.se of the post-tcmpoial spine, but theserrations at the base of the.spine 

 are coar.ser than elsewljere. The pair of pi-edor.sal spines are weaker than in /'. xlfiri>/if, and the ridges 

 I'onverge less strongly forward. Both limbs of thepreopi^rcle are serrulate and the angle bears a daw- 

 like spine booked forward, this spine nuii'h smaller than in /'. sli'irupe. Cleft of mouth vertical, tip of 

 mandible a little included; both maxillary and mandible very broail, the inferior mandibular margin 

 serndate, its angle with a strong triangularsi)ine directed downward and I'orwanl; a broad supplemental 

 maxillary bone present, with a smaller scale-like lamella overlying it proxinuilly; ]iremaxillary h'ing 

 along anterior border of proximal six-tenths of maxillary; premaxillary teeth in a very narrow band or 

 .loublc series, the anterior row directed downwar<l, the others hooked backwanl; the distal portion of 

 maxillary, where it forms the border of the jaws, bears a similar siri'.de or ilouble series of nnnute 

 teeth; mandibular teeth in a slightly wider hand at symphysis, in a single seiies laterally, those on 

 vomer in S or 10 short longitudinal series, which slightly <livergc backward; gill-nuMubranes broadiv 

 united, free from isthnms; gill-rakers very long and slender, 7 I (1 to 8) on vertical limb of outer arch, 

 15 (14 to 16) on horizontal limb; rows of gill-lamina' much longer than gill-arches; where continued 

 above the latter, they are lirndy attached along inru-r side of slioidiler girdle; liranchiostegals 9; pseuilo- 

 bram'bia' large. 



Front of doi-sal tin midway between ti]) of snoui ami base of caudal; adipose dor.sal low, the length 

 of its ba.-e J to j the di.stanee betw(;en lirst dorsal tin and ui)per caudal rays; origin of anal fin vertically 

 below ndddle of dorsal, the distance between its la.st ray and the middle of i-andal base equaling the 

 vertical diameter of eye; below and in advance of pectoral base a horizontal serrated ridge, fonning the 

 margin of a wing-!:ke expansion of the coracoid; a downwardly directed spine marks the clavicular 

 symphysis; the length of tlu' narrow pectoral tin equals the distance from tip of snout to hinder ediie 

 of orbit. 



