<ilO BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



Till' sraU-s w liich fiiiiii the rid'/f ainiii.' tin- bivant arc iiioiv rouiiiled in niitiiiH- ami are thinner 

 than in P. xtn-nii,i\ the ridj^e is Imwit and Ihe ^triir and spincH are fewer and \veak<>r; the ridfje alen<r 

 eaeh side nf ahilnnien is also inucli hiwer. 



Iliirsal region dark brown, a narrowly V-shajierl extendi. ui of this eolor invading the silvery of the 

 anterior part of the sides, extending <iownward to a point midway between dorsal and ventral proHles; 

 midiUe of sides silvery, less Ijrillant than in ,s/<(i««((x an<l xlcrivpc, the alidomen and lower ]iarls gen- 

 erally lairijlish instead of silvery; base of ventrals and base of enter eandal lobes blackish. 



The luiuinons organs are arranged as in P. xplnoKnx a.ni\ sln-mji,, l)ut those aliovc the base of the 

 anal tin are only 11 <.r 1L> in number, and the series is less perfectly continnous, the antciior half being 

 placed at an angle with the posterior half of the series, the sixth spot being decidediv nearer the base 

 of the anal than the seventh; there is also a much wider interval between tlie anal and tin- caudal 

 series, where the two are continuous or nearly so; all tlie photophores are directed downward, au<l are 

 visilile from a point below midventral line; none of them can be seen from the bac-k; on the other 

 hand, the mouth is directed vertically upward and the eyes (jbliipiely upward and outward. 



Nothing is definitely known concerning the haliits of these fishes. The specimens taken b\- the' 

 Alhalrti.ts were i)robably captured near the liottom, but their stomachs contained nothing liuf <;inl,;- 

 i/eriii'i and other Foniiiiiiiifi m. 



The species is named for my friend an. I associate on tin' Hawaiian Kxpeilition, I'rof. ('. C'. Xnttiui:, 

 of the University of Iow;i. 



The relations of 7'. iiiil/liuji U> 1'. sjiiimsiis a.iu\ I', xirrnipc have been given in the body of theilescriii- 

 tion. 1'. Kinnosiiji and I', stcreojie auree with i-acli other in all details of c-oloi- and form, differing so 

 far as known only in the size (jf the accessory ]iost-temj)oral spines. /'. imtliiu/i U farther removed 

 from both of these species, diffei-ing in the darker coloration of tin' lower parts, the broader dark 

 area along the back a?id its longer V-shaped extension below the predorsal region, the arrangement 

 of the anal photophores, the longer, slenderer caudal peduncle, and the weaker spination. In ]'. 

 niiltiiii/i, the accessory spines along the lower edge of the jiost-temporal spine are r<-ibiecd to fine 

 serrations. 



I'nii/lpiiiis lali'niiihis ( .arULau ( Mem. Mus. Conip. /ooL, Vol. XXIV, ISilVI, p. L'llS), fn,m the 

 liarltados, is distantly related to these sjiecies, lia\irig palatine teeth, longer [lectoral tins, and widelv 

 different form, predorsal blade, and spines. It should be eliminated from this genus. To the 

 synonymy of P. laleiiiKtntt, (.iurman refers by inadvertjiice (.ioode and Bean's figure of J'u/iiijmiis 

 .yniumm (Oceanic Ichthyology, pi. 39, fig. 14S). The latter is merely a rough copy (reversed) of (iiin- 

 ther's figure of the type of P. xplnnsuf! (Deep-sea Fishes, Challenger, [il. 51, fig. I)), as appears at once 

 on comparison. A number of disconcerting errors have crejit into the list of plates and figures given in 

 the Oceanic Ichthyology, so the greatest care nnist be exercised in referring to these figures. In the 

 e.'cplanatiou of plate 3!», fig. 148 is said to be ATijiinipcJcciix o/J'i-raii, while fig. 149 (labeled on the jilate 

 Piii-<ilr/iii rnnyoiioides) is called I'dlyiiniiix xpinosits. In this instance the names (pu the jilate corre- 

 spond with their n,se in the text, and the explanation of the jilate should be disregarded. 



Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3H67, Failolo Channel, 2.'<4 t(j L'9() fathoms- 

 3920, oft the south coast of Oahn, 26.t to 2S0 fathoms; 40SS, apjiroach to Failolo Channel, 297 to 3ll(i 

 fathoms; 40S9, approach to Pailolo Channel, 297 to 304 fathoms; 4090, apjiroach to Failolo Channel, 

 304 to 30H fathoms; 4091, approach to Pailolo Channel, 30(i to 308 fathoms; 4097, ajiproachto Pailolo 

 Channel, 28() to (?) fathoms: 4121, off the northwe.st coast of Oahu, 210 to 251 fathoms; 41.34, vicinitv 

 < if Kauai, 225 to 324 fathoms. 

 I'ohjiiiiim siyiiiosus Gilbert & Cramer. I'roc-. U. S. N'nl. .Mus.. XIX, l.s;i7. Ilti: iic.l .if iliuuher. 



raiiiil\ H.\L()S.\URII).i:. 



IkEY TO II.\WAII.\.\ SI'ECIKS OK II AI.OS.MUioI'SI.S, 



a. Snout mil pniduci-il tar lieyond tlie mo.itli, its iirennil leiislli less tliaii .■ne-tliinl its i.re.iriilnr extent 

 b. Vertex gently iirelieil tmi 

 66. Verte.x tninsverselv eon 



6. Vertex gently iirelieil tnmsversely kniian iifis p f.ll 



irr/iralis. p. llU 



aa. Snout much j.roduced beyond the moutli, its preoral length nearly lialf its preocular extent pivboseidcn, p. 612 



