FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 621 



Family ANTMiOM ID I!. 

 Antigonia steindachneri .Icmlaii & EviTiniinn. 



One speciiiK-n lili rum. long to base of camial, was clrcdiii'il at station :5958, vicinity of l.aysaii 

 Island, depth 171! to 1S2 fathoms. 



For comparison with A. eos of equal size, we add the fi>llowin<; data: 



rA'iifjth of head 'M hundredths of total length without caudal; diameter of orbit 15.5; interorhitai 

 width 12; length of snout 10; maxillary 9; distance from orbit to angle of preoperele 22; greatest 

 depth 12ti; least depth of caudal pedum'le 1().5; length of third dorsal spine 35; first anal spine 14.5; 

 ventral spine 27.5; length of pectoral 37. J), vni, 38; A. iii, 35; P. 14. Between tlie nape and the 

 anterior portion of lateral line are 14 series of scales running parallel with predorsal profile. 



Compared w-ith adults, the young are proportionally deeper, and have the spination of bones of 

 head much less developed, the spines projecting but little beyond the margins of the bones; the scales 

 are very rough, and the exposed portions are nnich higher than long, as in adults; but the spines are 

 almost wholly cotitined to the margins of the scales, those arising from the central field, which give 

 such a den.sely his[iid ajjpearance to the adult, being undeveloiied, or present in small number; on 

 sides of nape, immediately behind head, is a conspicuous band of larger scales, which scarcely overlap, 

 and are embedded and concealed except for the projecting spinous margin; behind this band, the 

 scales are reduced in size and densely crowded; scales on cheeks are also embedded and <'oncealed, 

 each being represented externally by a straight, vertical, spinous ridge; except for a we<lge-shaped area 

 in middle of frontal region, bounded laterally by ridges, the top of head, including sides of occiput 

 and the preorbital, is scaleless. 



Antig'onia eos, new species. Plate KO, tig. 1. 



Type, SM nun. in total length (67 mm. to base of caudal), from station 411)2, Pailolo Channel, 

 depth 122 to 132 fathoms; type, No. 51593, U. S. Nat. Mus. 



Length of head 37 hundredths of total length to base of caudal; diameter of orliil hi; inlcrorWital 

 width (at middle of frontal region) 12.5; length of snout 12.5; length of maxillary !l; distance from 

 orbit to angle of preoperele 16; greatest deiith 9,S; least depth of caudal peduncle 14; length of third 

 dorsal spine (the tip injured) 45; first anal spine 14.5; ventral spine 27; length of pectoral 32. 0. i\, 

 33; A. Ill, 31; P. 13; V. i, 5. 



Somewhat deeper and more angular than ^1. rii hesrenti Schlegel, from Japan, ami much le.ss so than 

 .1. Mrinil'irJiiieri of eijual size. The young are much deeper than adults, more shar])ly angular, and with 

 high filamentous spinous dorsal fin. In a spe<'imen 25 mm. long to base of caudal the dejith is 128 

 hmulredths of this length, the height of the third dorsal spine 100. .1. rabescenf! changes compar- 

 atively little with age. In .1. eos the base of soft portion of anal fin is nearly straight, nmch less 

 curved than in A. i-ubenams and A. sti'indaflineri, not more arched than base of dorsal. 



Serrated edges in frontal region only moderately devc^loped, the spaces between ridges compU'tely 

 scaled, thus jiartially concealing them: margin of preorljital with a few short .strong s])ines; vertical 

 limb of i)reopercle marked with curved serrated ridges, but the margin only minutely serrate; lower 

 margin furnished with a few short, strong teeth; a strong spine marks the articulation of mandible, 

 this sjiine ab.sent or very inconspicuous in .1. rithi'sccns. 



Ib'ail more extensively scaled than in A. stnndarlincri , the scales covering entire frontal region, 

 preorbital, and snout, except the oblong area for recei)tion of premaxillary spines; occiput largely 

 naked; both limbs of preoperele densely scaled; scales on cheeks imbricated, numerous spinules 

 springing from the central field as well as from the margin; scales on body with exposed surfaces 

 much longer in proportion to their height than in .1. utritxlnrlmeri; those on posterior part of body 

 with spines much longer and denser than those on anterior parts, the anterior scales having the mar- 

 ginal spimiles much shorter and less conspicuous than those which arise from the central field; scales 

 complelely investing anterior a.spects of the ventral, the first anal, and the thinl dorsal spines, these 

 spines nuich less grooved than in .1. sleimlarlnnri. 



Kven in a<lnlts the spinous dorsal is much more elevated than in related species, both third and 

 fourth siiines greatly elongate, slender, and delicate; the tips are broken in all of our specimens; the 

 caudal fin is gentlv rounded. 



