(UO BT^LLKTIN (>V TIIK I'NITED STATKS KISH ('((MMISSION. 



F.uiiily H(»I'I.ICHTHYII),K. 

 Hoi^lichthys citrinus, iit'W species. Fig. 249. 



Type, a male, 175 mni. Ihiil', ftniH Alliatm.ws station .'iH.MI, Pailnlu ('luuiiiel, deptii I.SS fnthniiis; 

 No. 51610, r. S. Nat. Mus. 



Very clcise t<i //. Iiiiifjsihirrii fuvicr it Valenciennes, fi'Dni .TM]ian, ajiieeing witli that species in 

 general prop<irti(ins and in nmnlier nf plates and tin rays. It iliffers in coldraticin. in the prndnctiim 

 (if larger .spinons Idhes alnng lateral cimtdur of head, in cei-tain ndnor ilifferences in the sculptnring nt 

 the lateral plates and the linnes of the head, and in the shape of the fins. 



Length nf head 31.' hnndreths (if tiital length without caudal; gnr-alest uidtli of head, at base of 

 s|iinoiis ridges 22; dejith of head !l; diameter of orliit S; intcroiliital width 1.7; length of snout 11; 

 length of maxillary 1L'; length of first dorsal spine -1 ; length of scmaukI dorsal lay 4ii; longest pectoral 

 ra.\' 1"-'; longest ventral ray 11'. 5. 1). \i-15; A. 17; P. 1.3 | M; ^'. i, 5. Lateral iihdes 27. 



Head greatly llattened; snout wide, spatnlate, its longitudinal pmlile concave; lateral iirofile of 

 head formed liy a sharp detitigerous ridge, dividecl intii 4 well-marked lohes: a preorliital lolie. a short 

 lobe lielow front of eye, a greatly exjianded rounded lobe below cheeks, and a fourth lobe constituting 

 lower margin of ojiercle and ending in the very long curved preopercular spine: in //. limrisiliirfii tin- 

 lobes are intich le.ss expanded and convex, this being especially noticeable in the one on the cheeks, 

 between which and the preopercular lobe is but an inconspicuous notcli. 



Interorliital space very narrow, channeled, the margins minutely denticulate; minutely toothed 

 areas and ridges on snout, cheeks, opercular bones, and occiput; these regions somewhat less rough 



Fig. ■H'f.— IIuiilirhlliiis liliiiiiin (iilbcrl. \i~\\ s| icv. 'rype. 



than in A(»</.v/"/7/i' ano the toothed circa on the incfniutal wider; a short seri(.'S of spinelcts im inter- 

 opercle, behind angle of mouth, and others on l(pwer side of preorliital; opercle marked by 5 to S 

 rough stria', which diverge from the U|iiper anterior angle; the stn.ingest of these ribs ends in the long 

 opercular sjiine; a short strong humeral s[iine ]ire.sent; broad bands of miiuite villiform teeth on jaws, 

 vomer and palatines; lower jaw shorter than uppi-r, everywhere included; maxillary extending back- 

 ward to a vertical which intersects orbit midway between front of orbit and front of pupil; gills very 

 small, laminsp extraordinarily short, scarcely longer than the transverse diameter of gill-arch; a single 

 .series of filaments on inner arch, which has no slit behind it; 10 or 12 short gill-rakers on horizontal 

 limb of outer arch; pseudobranchi^e well developed; branchiostegal rays 7, the memliranes hroadlv 

 united below to isthmus, without free fold; lower ends of gill openings .separated by a distance ei|ual- 

 ing 0.15 length of head; liy the gnnit production of the (jpercnlar flap, the uppei- end of the gill-slit 

 appears as a small round ]iore on the upper aspect of the greatly flattened head, resembling the 

 branchial pore in CrtlHoiii/Diiix, but this pore is simply the upper end of the wide slit. 



Donsal fins greatly elevated in the males, as is also the case in //. laiigKilortii, hut the details in the 

 2 species are widely different. In //. ritriimx, the first dorsal spine is prfxluced and filamentous, 

 ■sometimes extending well beyond origin of soft dorsal, the upper margin of the fin deeply concave; 

 some or all of the first 4 rays of .soft dorsal are still more proilnced and filamentous, one or more of 

 them in extreme (\ises reaching, when declined, beyonrl base of fin; the succeeding rays are entirely 



