HIPPOLITO SALVIANI. 29 



Seville; and among many others, finally, to P. Gyllius 

 and Mathiolus, among more modern authors. It 

 should be observed that these references, though mi- 

 nute and accurate, are not extracts or quotations, but 

 simply references ; so that they are useful only when 

 the work mentioned is itself actually consulted." 



It should now be noted that this first book, be- 

 sides proper fishes, contains, as before stated, accounts 

 of the kind just described, of all varieties of aquatic 

 animals, — of such quadrupeds as in popular lan- 

 guage are called amphibious, as the beaver, otter, 

 seal, and hippopotamus, — of the whole order of 

 cete or whales, — of reptiles, such as crocodiles, 

 frogs, tadpoles, lizards, saurines, tortoises, &c. — of 

 molluscous animals, as the nautilus and purpura, — 

 of proper shell-fish, as the oyster, &c. — of Crus- 

 tacea, as the crab and lobster, — also of echin- 

 dermata and polypi, such as the star-fish and sponges; 

 and finally, the group of what may be called sea- 

 monsters, such as the triton, mermaid, the marine 

 horse and elephant, the sea-lion and hytena, ape, 

 and hare, and the kraken ; beings as much involved 

 in obscurity at that time as they have been both 

 before and since. 



We shall now supply a few specimens of the 

 information furnished by the author, from which 

 the character of this part of the work, and the state 

 of the science, may be easily inferred ; and in doing 

 this, we shall rather follow the modern classification 

 than the alphabetic arrangement. Of the Hippo- 

 potamiis, or river-horse, we are informed that the 



