9 
The meeting was resolved into an ordinary meeting, when 
Dr. Arthur J. Hubbard gave a lecture on ‘‘ Prehistoric 
Man on the Cotswold Hills,’’ illustrated with lantern slides. 
The lecturer dealt with the recent discoveries made by his brother 
and himself in the cities inhabited by men of the Neolithic Period. 
No answer had been hitherto given, he said, to the question where 
the men dwelt who made the stupendous earthworks left by pre- 
historic man. From the size of these works it was evident that 
the workers must have been very numerous. The area covered 
by the remains of their cities was proportionately large, one of 
them specially investigated being two to three miles long by 
three quarters of a mile broad. The remains were those of a 
people who only considered their safety and the primitive necessities 
of life. 
The centre of the lecturer’s observations was Willersey Hill, 
halfway between Campden and Broadway. The top of these 
hills is scarped, partly by nature, but largely by artificial means. 
The summit is always a level plateau, protected by defensive 
embankments where there is no scarp, and was used as the herding- 
place for cattle. Below the scarp is a large extent of ground, 
with a surface presenting an appearance to which the lecturer 
had given the name of “crumpled ground.” It is untilled, but 
not in its natural condition. There is no arrangement at first 
apparent in the mounds and depressions (sometimes twenty to 
thirty feet deep) covering this ‘“‘crumpled ground.” These 
depressions were found to constitute the dwellings. 
Evidence to this effect was found. The “crumpled ground ” 
is always (except when within the plateau on the top of the hills) 
in a protected position, and in association with neolithic works. 
It is traversed by ‘“‘cattleways’”’ from the summit to the plain, 
but these never enter the depressions, which are occasionally pro- 
tected by “ wolf platforms,” in two or three rows. Stones burnt 
right through were found on the surface in profusion. On sinking 
_ ahole three and a half feet deep in the centre of an oval depression 
_ measuring sixty feet by forty, there were found first two feet of 
_ dark humus, and then stones packed in yellow marl. Burnt 
' stones were found down to three feet. At two feet was found red 
_ pottery, then bones, then black pottery, then flat burnt stones, 
_ evidently hearth-stones, with charcoal still adhering to them, 
and finally a piece of a red deer’s antler. Similar-results were 
_ obtained from digging in other pits. The depressions in their 
_ arrangement resemble a Chinese house, in which there is a central 
_ room with others built round it. © 
