442 AMERICAN TESTUDINATA. Part II. 



carapace when the animal withdraws into the (shiekl for protection. (Compare 

 the Cinosternoids, p. 348.) In Cistudo the bealc projects downward. The head is 

 long and wide, its front part spreading apart downward, so that the eyes open 

 upward, and the mouth is In'oad ; while in Cistudo the head is high, the sides 

 of its front jiart nearly vertical, and the mouth narrow. The lower jaw is low, 

 and arched upward to a point in front, its alveolar surfece being almost vertical. 

 Emys Meleagris, A(/} The young are nearly circular, and entirely black above, 

 without a spot, and the scales granular; the sternum is also black, with a white 

 edge. They are represented PL 4, fig. 20-22 ; and the eggs, PI. 7a, fig. 26 and 27. 

 As they grow larger, they elongate rapidly ; indeed, this species is comparatively 

 longer than its European representative, the Emys lutaria. This is truly Shaw's 

 Testudo Meleagris, notwithstanding Shaw's own recantation. The young might be 

 confounded with the figure of Emys pulchella, ^ch'dpff, which is the young of 

 the European species. This species extends through the Northern States, from 

 New England to Wisconsin. It has been found in Massachusetts, near Lancaster, 

 l)y Dr. W. I. Burnett and Mr. S. Tenney, and in Concord by Mr. D. H. Thoreau. 

 I have specimens from Michigan, sent to me from Ann-Arbor by Professor Al. Win- 

 chell and by Dr. A. Sager, and from Flint by Dr. Manly Miles, and from Wiscon- 

 sin by Dr. Hoy, of Kacine. 



GENERA OF THE SUB-FAMILY OF CLESEVn'DOID.E. 



It was Wagler who first showed that there are several genera included in 

 the old genus Emys, even after removing the genera now referred to the fam- 

 ihes of Cinosternoids and Chelydroids. Among these genera there is one, Clem- 

 mys, wliich constitutes a distinct sub-family,^ embracing still several distinct genera, 

 four of Avhich are characteristic of the Faunas of North America. 



I. Nanemys, A(j. Edge of upper jaw straight, slightly notched in front; lower 

 jaw slightly arched upward;^ snout rounded, and its sides not compressed lat- 

 erally ; neck and loose skin between the legs scaly. Large scales upon the 

 legs and feet. 



Nanemys guttata, Ay^ The young are represented PI. 1, fig. 7-9 ; the eggs, 



' JVIajor LeConte was the first to notice that the notch in front, and the sides of the notcli may be 



North American Cistudo Blandingii is synonymous tootli-like ; but the bill never projects downward 



with Shaw's Testudo Meleagris ; but he calls it Lu- as in Calemys. 



tremys Meleagris. * This is the well-known Emys guttata of modem 



2 Comp. p. 356. herpetologists. The best figure is that of Dr. Hol- 



^ The upper jaw may occasionally have a deeper brook's, N. Am. Herp., pi. 11. It is also known 



