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Dispersal of Seeds. 
By J. E. Nowers. 
READ BEFORE THE NaTuRAL HISTORY aND GEOLOGICAL SECTION, 
DECEMBER 8th, 1904. 
OR the purpose of this paper, I propose to divide the subject 
as follows: 
I, Wind carried. 
(a) Winged 
(b) Furnished with a pappus. 
(c) Small size and carried about like dust. 
II. Mechanical contrivances of the plant for throwing, bury- 
ing, etc. 
III. Carried by animals and birds, 
(a) Hooked seeds, fruits, and other parts of the plant. 
(b) Sweet and bright coloured fruits. 
(c) Carried with mud on feet of animals and birds. 
IV. Carried by water (sea and river.) 
V. Carried by the agency of man. 
These divisions cannot be quite absolute, as they more or less 
overlap each other; some seeds can be placed in more than one 
division. Under the first heading we find a number of our trees, 
having seeds with a large wing-like expansion (samara), many times 
larger than they are, and capable of carrying them a long distance ; 
if there is any wind blowing at the time the seed falls. As most of 
the seeds are ripe in Autumn, this season being one of high winds, 
is a great help to their dispersal. 
