SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES 



3 9088 01272 6741 



Two quarts of strong- soft soap and half a pint of crude carbolic 

 acid, with 2 ounces of Paris gi-een. are thoroughly incorporated in a 

 bucketful of water and enough lime and clay added to make a thin 

 paste. 



The application of poisons to the trunk is a more recent practice, 

 and seems to have been first recommended by Mr. W. H. Ashmead in 

 1888, in the suggestion of a strong soap wash, combined with Paris 

 green or London purple; a preferable wash, and one now usually 

 reconnnended, is an admixture of an arsenical with the lime coating- 

 referred to above, using two or three ounces of jjoison with every jDail- 

 ful of the whitewash. The advantage of the poison is that it effects 

 the destruction of any larva' which may succeed in penetrating- the 

 lime. The application recommended by Mr. Hale is allied to the last. 

 The best of the foregoing preventives are the mechanical protec- 

 tions and the lime-arsenical washes. The carbolic-acid wash can not 

 be so thoroughly relied upon. 



The measures given above are protective, and do not apply to the 

 hirva^ already in the trees. Protected as these larva? are by the cover- 

 ing bark and exudations of gum, they are out of the reach of poisons, 

 and there is nothing to do but to cut them out wnth a knife. They 

 may be easily found and, with a little care, removed without injuring 

 the tree. The adoption thereafter of one or the other of the means 

 already described should jireA'ent the trees from again becoming- 

 infested, but should this in any case occur, the knife should be 

 promptly used. 



C. L. Marlatt, 

 Fir.st Assktavt Entomologist. 



Approved : 



Ctias. W. Dabney, Jr.. 



Acting Secretary. 



AVashixgton, D. C, Septernhcr W, 1896. 



[Cii-. 17] 



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