180 
species under the microscope exhibit very minute revolving striz. 
The aperture is rather more than one-fourth the length of the shell. 
The operculum has its polar point subcentral. 
The genus Melania of Lamarck abounds in a most extensive 
number of species, and is undoubtedly the most interesting of the 
genera of the family Melaniana. It is distributed round the whole 
circumference of the globe, and inhabits the fresh waters of America 
at least as far north as 45° latitude, and it probably exists quite as 
far south, as it is found in New Zealand. In the north of Europe 
there is not a single species known, while very few are found in 
the southern part of that quarter of the world. In the middle, 
southern and south-western portions of the United States, the 
greatest number of species seem to be developed on this continent ; 
and in the States of Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee and Alabama they 
are the most profuse, and present an almost endless variety of forms, 
extending to an incredible number of species. The rivers and lakes 
of India and Africa have not yet been well explored ; but while they 
present some of the most striking and beautiful species, it may be 
doubted if they abound in the variety of forms which are found in 
the United States. The Philippine Islands form a most prolific 
district, where the development of these forms seems to have been 
greatly extended. Mr. Cuming, with an industry, energy and per- 
severance which portray the true naturalist, devoted several years 
to the Mollusca of this remarkable group of islands, and his reward 
has been, the discovery of a vast number of species heretofore un- 
known to science ; and he well deserves the gratitude of all students 
of this branch of natural history for his devotion to the collection of 
a museum, almost, if not quite, unequalled in the Mollusca. 
ME tania CANALIS. WM. testd levi, acuto-conoided, subtenui, tene- 
broso-castaned, flammis longitudinalibus ferrugineis ornatd ; spird 
elevatd, ad apicem costatd ; suturis impressis canaliculatisque ; an- 
Fractibus duodecim, subconvevis ; aperturd ovatd, ad basim patuld, 
tintus albidd. 
Hab. Small streams, island of Guimaras, Philippines. 
Length 2-1, diam. °6 of an inch. 
Remarks.—This is rather a large and somewhat robust species. 
The full-grown specimens are of a dark chestnut-brown, the younger 
sometimes a pale horn-colour, with longitudinal flammate marks, 
nearly equidistant, and with distinct minute transverse strie. The 
most remarkable character of this species is the impressed and rather 
sharp channel at the junction of the whorls. The aperture is nearly 
one-third the length of the shell, and the base is expanded, the co- 
lumella below being flattened. 
MeELANIA F@DA. WM. testd levi, conoided, subcrassd, tenebroso- 
fuscd, rufo-nebulosd ; spird subelevatd ; suturis subimpressis ; 
anfractibus decem, planulatis; aperturd ellipticd, subcontractd, ad 
basim subangulatd, intus tenebroso-castaned ; labro margine ceru- 
lescente. 
Hab. Rocky stream, Java. 
