238 
but it is sometimes not to be seen ; the skull has a very small, shallow, 
suborbital pit, and the nasal bone is broad and subtriangular behind ; 
the tail is elongate, slender, pale, with the lower part dark, and reach- 
ing nearly to the hocks in summer; much shorter and broader, and 
all dark olive in the winter. Confined to North America. 
* Hoofs narrow, elongate; tail hairy beneath. 
1. Carrtacus VirGIn1ANus. The AMERICAN DEER. 
Bright fulyous in summer, greyer in winter ; tail fulvous above, 
the tip black, beneath white; carried erect when running ; nose 
brown ; side of mouth white, with an oblique black band from the 
nostrils ; hoofs narrow, elongate. 
Dama Virginiana, Raii Syn. 86.—Fallow Deer, Lawson, Carol. 23; 
Catesby, Carol. App. 28.—Cervus Dama Americanus, Erxl. Syst. 312. 
—Cervus Mexicanus, Licht. Darstell. t. 20.—Cervus Strongyloceros, 
part, Schreb. Saugth.1074, not figure.— Cervus campestris (Mazame), 
F. Cuv. Mam. Lithog. t. .—Cervus Virginianus, Gmelin, S. N. i. 
179; Desm. Mamm. 442; F. Cuvier, Mam. Lithog. t. 205.— 
C. Mangivorus, Schrank, Ann. Wetter. i. 327, 1819, from Buffon.— 
C. (Mazama) Virginiana, Bennett, Gard. Z. 8. 205; Fischer, Syn. 
449 ; Peale, U.S. Explor. Exped. 39 ; Sundeval, Pecora, 58.—Cervus 
Mar Long-tailed Deer, Douglas, Zool. Journ. xy. 330; Richard- 
son, Faun. Bor. Amer.i. 258. gp Mazama leucurus, Sundeval’ Pe- 
cora, 59.—Cariacus Virginianus, C.leucurus, and C. Mewicanus, Gray, 
Cat. Osteol. B. M. 63, 64.—Virginian Deer, Penn. Syn. 51. t. 9. f. 2; 
Quad. i. 104. t. 11. f. 1.— Cerf'de La Louisiane, Cuvier, R. A. i. 256; 
Oss. Foss. iv. 33. t. 5. f. 1-5.—Chevreuil, Charlev. Nouy. Fran. iii. 
152.—Cariacou, Buffon, H. N. xiii. 347. t. 44.—Cariacus Virgini- 
anus, Gray, Knows. Menag. 66. t. 46, winter coat. 
Inhabits N. America. 
Mr. Peale observes,— We believe that the same species of Deer 
inhabits all the timbered or partially timbered country between the 
Coast of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. They vary in size, as all 
the animals of this genus do, in different feeding-grounds, but they 
are specifically the same.’’ The Mexican Deer (Penn. Syn. 54. t. 9. 
f. 3, and Quad. i. 20), Cervus Mezicanus (Gmelin, S. N. i. 179; 
H. Smith, G. A. K. v. 729, iv. 130.t. ; Cuvier, Oss. Foss. iv. t. 5. 
f. 23), Cervus ramosicornis (Blainville), are all described from horns, 
which only appear to be much-developed horns of this species which 
have belonged to some well-fed animals. 
The horns described and figured as C. clavatus (H. Smith, G. A. K. 
iv. 132. t. _), appear to be only varieties of the common form. 
1. The Cervus Mezxicanus (Lichten. Darst. t. 20; Sundeval, Pe- 
cora, 59), 
2. The Cervus nemoralis (H. Smith, G. A. K. iv. 157. t.  ; Sun- 
deval, Pecora, 59), 
3. The Cervus gymnotis (Wiegmann, Isis, 1833 ; Sundeval, Pe- 
cora, 59), 
all from Mexico, appear to be varieties of this species. C. Mewicanus 
