46 
4. Ps. vauipus. Lanius validus, Licht. 
The second hand wing-feather with a long white spot on the inner 
web, which reaches to the third part of its length. 
5. Ps. nigrescens. Pach. nigrescens, Cab. 
The second hand wing-feather black, with white margin on the ex- 
terior web. 
6. Ps. pecrorauis. Pach. pectoralis, Swains. 
The second hand wing-feather black, with white spot near the root, 
and fine white exterior margin, 
7. Ps. Actarz. Pach. Aglaia, Lafr. 
The second hand wing-feather with an oval white spot near the 
root, and without white exterior margin. 
e. Subgenus Psarts. 
The red and black bill on the anterior part more compressed, and 
like Cassicus, with broad root, surrounded by the frontal feathers ; 
lorum and eye region naked; the bristle-feathers over the gape very 
indistinct ; the second hand wing-feather extremely narrow, formed 
like a sword, without an emargination on the tip. The colouring is 
silver-grey, like Lanius excubitor, with more or less black head, face, 
wings and tail. Size of Lanius excubitor. 
8. Ps. cayanus, Cuy. 
The black colour covers the whole head, and extends to the tip of 
the ear-feathers ; the bill two-thirds red-coloured ; tail black, on the 
root only white or silver-grey ; the wings 116-122, and the abnormous 
second hand-feather 40 mm. long. 
9. Ps. BRASILIENSIS, Swains. 
The black of the ear-feathers extends further than the black of the 
head; the bill one-third red-coloured ; the inner webs of the wings 
white-bordered ; the wings 129, and the abnormous second hand- 
feather 41 mm. long. 
This species is probably a subspecies of cayanus. 
10. Ps. semirasciatus. Pach. semifasciatus, Spix, t. 442. 
The black on the head covers only the front to the eye, and de- 
scends to the anterior ear-feathers round the eye to the chin; tail 
black, with a silver-grey or white band under the tail-covers, and a 
white band on the tip; the wings 127-134, and the abnormous 
second hand-feather 46 mm. long; it is on the exterior web black, 
and on the interior white. 
The female with dirty brown head and a greyish brown back, with 
a tinge of red. 
11. Ps. maximus, Kp. 
In the collection of Lord Derby I found a young bird of very large 
———— 
i le a 
