93 



canines and incisora, are comimclly ananged in close contiguity with 

 «ach other. 



" I have re-examined -vvith much interest several craiiia of imma- 

 ture Orangs, in order to ascertain if any of these might be the your.g 

 of the species in question ; but they have all piesented the crowns 

 of the permanent mdares of too large a size, — of a size which show3 

 that the great Pongo, either of Wurmb or Abel, represents their adult 

 State*. And these immature crania also indicate the condition to 

 ■which they are destioed to attain by the size of the orbits, which 

 exceeds that of the orbits of the -S. Morlo, the eye having, likę the 

 brain, already in the young Pongos acąuired its fuU size. 



" That the cranium of the Simia Morio here described, belonged 

 to an adult is proved by the smail interval between the temporal 

 ridges at the crown of the skull, corresponding to the extensive sur- 

 face of origin of the crotophyte museles ; and by the obliteration of 

 the intermasillary suturės : that it belonged also to an aged indivi- 

 dual is highly probable from the extent to -which the teeth are wom 

 down, and from the obliteration, notwithstanding the absence of in- 

 terparietal and lambdoidal crests, of the sągittal and lambdoidal su- 

 turės. 



" The cerebral portion of the skull of Simia Morio equais in size 

 that of the Pongo, and indicates the possession of a brain at least as 

 fully developed as in that species, while the maxillary portion is pro- 

 portionally smaller ; so that, as the cranium rises above the orbits, 

 and is, likę that of the Pongo, more convex on the coronal aspect 

 than in the Chimpanzee, and wants the prominent supraciliary ridge 

 ■vvhich characterizes the African Orang, it presents in the Simia Morio 

 altogether a more anthropoid character. 



" There are, however, the rudiments of the ridges which so re- 

 markably characterize the cranium of the mature Pongo. Those 

 which commence at the extemal angle of the frontai bone pass back- 

 wards, upwards, and slightly converge, but do not meet ; they gra- 

 dually diminish in breadth, and, after passing the coronal suture, 

 subside to the level of the skull ; they are then only traceable by a 

 rough line, which leading parallel to the sągittal suture, and gra- 

 duaJly bending outwards, rises again to be continued into the lam- 



* The permanent teeth in the Bornean and Sumatran Pongos so closely 

 corrcspond in size and shape that I am unable to refer the crania of the 

 immature Orangs which I have hitherto exammed to either species exclu- 

 sively from comparison of the crown3 of the concealed permanent teetli ; 

 in speaking of the immature specimens of the gi-eat Pongo, I therefore use 

 the term Simia Satyrus; in comparing the Simia Morio with the adult 

 Pongo, I would be understood as always referring to the Bornean species, 

 \vith cheek-callosities, or the Simia IVurmbii of Fischer. If the specific dif- 

 ferenccs of Simia IVunnbii and Simia Jbelii be admitted, the tenn Simia 

 Satyrus mušt merge into a synonym, as having been appliedindiscriminate- 

 ]y to the young of both these large Orangs. In each case, the generie term 

 Simia is applied in the restricted sense in which it is used by Erxleben iii 

 bis ' Systema Regni Animalis,' 8vo, 1777, and \vith which the term Pithecus, 

 substituted by Geoffroy for tlie genus of Orangs, is synonymous. 



