racters of V.festiva and V. HebrcBU, but is of a totally distinct 

 typical form, especially ia respect of the columella, which is pecu- 

 liarly arched, aud has only two plaits at the base. The columella 

 is stained at the top with the characteristic black spot of F. festiva. 



3. notes on the species of hlpponyx inhabiting the 



American coasts, with Descriptions of New Species. 



By Philip P. Carpenter. 



The species of this genus have a helicoid apex when young, vvhicli 

 is never persistent as in Pileopsis and CalyptrcEidcB proper. In 

 many species the shape varies extremely, and is not to be taken 

 alone as a specific distinction. The characters of the epidermis and 

 basai margiu are among the most constant. 



L HipPONYX ANTiauATUs, Liun. 



Patella antiquata, Linn. Syst.Nat. p. 1259 ; Dillw. p. 1035,no.44. 



Le Soron, Adans. Sen. p. 32, pi. 2, f. 3 = P. nivea, Gmel. 



Pileopsis mitrula, Lam. An. s. Vert. vii. p. 610, no, 2. 



Capulus mitrula, Dunker, Ic. Moli. Guin. p, 36, no. 99. D'Orb. 

 Sagra Moli. ii. p. 186. 



Hipponyx mitrula, Sow. P. Z. S. 1835, p, 5. 



Hipponyx antiąuatus. Menke, Zeit. f. Mal. 1853, p. 79. 



Concholepas antiquatus, H. & A. Adams, Gen. i. p. 373. 



Hipponyx Panamensis, C. B. Adams, Pan. Shells, p. 218, no. 328. 



Amalthea Panamensis, H. & A. Adams, Gen, i. p. 374. 



Hab. "West Indies, passim. W. Afriea : Senegaį Adanson ; 

 Loander, Tams ; St. Vincent, Sehmidt. W. America : Lobos Island, 

 Peru, Cuming ; Panama, C. B. Adams. 



Base rounded, not crenated ; outside foliated, with faint radiating 

 strise. Deshayes (from descriptions) doubts the identity of the 

 African and Caribbsean shells. Menke and Dunker confirm it : 

 *' possidemus hanc cochleolam e remotissimis terrse regionibus alla- 

 tam " (^Dunker). Sowerby's species was described from Pacific 

 shells. C. B. Adams, for geographical reasons, doubts their iden- 

 tity, and names them H. Panamensis ; " the apex being less pro- 

 minent, the concentric laminse more numerous, and the radiating 

 striae more deeply impressed." AU these are Tery variable cha- 

 racters in the true H. antiquata, as well as in the Pacific specimens. 



2. HippoNYx serrattjs, b. m. Cat. Mazatlan Moli. 



H. foliaceus. Menke, Zeit. f. Mal. 1851, p. 36, no. 129, non 

 Quoy & Gaim. 



Outside likę H. antiquata ; base flattened, broad, with numerous 

 serrated laminae separated by brown epidermis in shreds. Muscular 

 scar corrugated. This species is only yet known from Mazatlan. — 

 Lieut. Shipley; Bnt. Mus. Coli. 



3. HippONYx BARBATUS, Sow. P. Z. S. 1835, p. 5, C. B. Adams, 

 Pan. Shells, p. 217, no. 327. 



Hipponyx australis. Menke, Zeit. f. Mal. 1847, p. 186, no. 38; 

 non H. australis, Desh. (= Patella australis, Lamk.) 



