10 



iiasi is single and triangular ; it has a strong spine at the back part. 

 'I'liere are three infra-orbital foramina ; and large foranima in the 

 malar bone. The anterior co'aAyloiA foramina are two on each side. 



The true vertebrce are 23 : 7 cervical, vvith long simple spines ; 

 12 dorsal ; and 4 lumbar. There are 8 falše vertebree, viz. 5 sacral, 

 and 3 coccygeal. The ribs are 12; 7 true, and 5 falše. The 

 sternum is composed, belovv the first portion, of a double series of 

 bones altemating with each other : the šame structure obtains in 

 the Pongo. 



The spine of the scapula is strongly incurvated upwards. The 

 bones of the arm and hand are much elongated. The thumb is 

 short ; the pTO\'ima\ phalanges of the fingers bent. 



Tlie ilia are narrow, flattened, and elongated. The femur is short 

 and straight ; it has no ligamentum tnres, a deficiency \vhich occurs 

 also in the Elephant, the Sloths, in Seals, the IValrus, Ornithorhyii- 

 chus, &c., and by which a greater extent of motion is allo\ved to 

 the thigh. The tibia and fibula are shorter than the f e mur : tliese, 

 likę the bones of the fore -arm. have a greater interosseous space 

 than is found in man. The pateli a is very tmail. 'i'he os calcis jDro- 

 jects far behind. The bones of the metatarsus and the phalangrs 

 are elongated, the first series of the latter being bent. The hinder 

 thumb is very short : in the individual examined it had a metatar- 

 sal bone, and two jjfialanges. A nail existed on the thumb of each 

 hinder hand. 



