70 



the circumference at the vvidest part 8 inches, at the narrovvest part 

 6 inches. 



" The duodenum is wide at its coramencement, as in Anoema and 

 Dasyprocta, but has not a capacity so considerable as in Cceloge- 

 nus, where, according to Sir E. Home, it projects likę a ctBcum 

 above the pyloms : ils circumference at this part is 2 inches j but 

 where it receives the biliary secretion, viz. at a distance of 1 inch 

 from the prioras, its circumference is diminished to one half that size. 

 It is a loose intestine, having a mesentery through the whole of its 

 course. It rises at first towards the liver, then descends in a curved 

 form behind the colon and in front of the right kidney, a process of 

 peritoneum passing off from the lovvest part of the curvature and at- 

 taching the intestine to the right psoas musele; it then ascends again 

 as high as the liver and is continued vvithout crossing the spine into 

 the jejunum ; the mesentery vvhich attaches it to the spine is narrow- 

 est at the conimencement and at the termination of this intestine, 

 and between ils layers is situated the pancreas, beautifully ramified, 

 much flattened, and of a minutely granular structure. The circum- 

 ference of the small intestines is nearly uniform throughout, being 

 about 1 inch ; but the ileum, after becoming gradually and slightly 

 contractedj vvidens just at its termination : the expanded orifice is 

 applied, as it were, to the side of the ccecum over a much smaller 

 orifice in that gut ; the parietės of the ccecum so included forming 

 a semilunar valve. The length of the small intestines vvas 17 feet 

 10 inches ; that of the cacum 13 inches ; and its circumference at the 

 vvidest part 6 inches. 



" The parietės of the cacum are puckered up by tvvo longitudinal 

 muscular bands, one of vvhich is continued along the colon for a short 

 distance. The extent of the ccecum abcve the orifice of the ileum is 

 very clearly indicated by two lateral dilatations or sacculi, vvhich are 

 separated from the colon by a valvular structure simiiar to that at the 

 termination of the ileum ; the tvvo orifices of the blind intestine being 

 analogous to the cardia and pyloms of the stomach, This structure 

 I have had occasion also to observe very distinctly in the Beaver, the 

 Cavies, and in some Monkeys, as Macacus Cynomolgus. The colon is 

 widest at its commencement, but not sacculated ; its circumference 

 here is 3 inches 4 lines ; but it soon diminishes to less than half that 

 extent. lt ascends obliqueIy from the left lumbar to the right hypo- 

 chondriac regions, then makes the long and loose fold before de- 

 scribed, and, after having thus returned upon itself, performs many 

 small convolutions along the middle line and back part of the abdomen, 

 to vvhich it is attached by a broad meso-colon, and is thus continued 

 into the rectum. The fceces begin to be separated at the commence- 

 ment of the long fold, and there also the colon is connected, by conti- 

 nuity oi peritoneum , with the duodenum. 



" The liver presents a singular structure, being subdivided into 

 almost innumerable angular lobules, varying in size from 3 to 5 lines: 

 nevertheless these lobules are so compacted, that the viscus presents 



