30 
tremes of the latter where it joins the posterior transverse ridge, let- 
tered din the male. It has lost the two middle upper incisors, which 
bear the same relation in respect to size to the two outer that those of 
the male do. All the incisors both in the upper and lower jaw are 
larger than they are in the male. The canines in the female are 
shorter than in the male. These points are all that I need specify 
to enable you to identify the crania with any in your possession. 
You will greatly oblige me by a comparison, and communicating 
the result at your earliest convenience.” 
Professor Owen having, at the time when he received this in- 
formation, observed in the cranium of a young but nearly adult 
Troglodytes niger that the canine teeth presented the same sexual 
superiority of development * as in the orang’s (Pithecus), believed 
it possible that the marks of distinction mentioned by Dr. Savage 
might prove to be the fully developed characteristics of old and 
powerful males of the Troglodytes niger; and in the absence of 
means of making comparisons of other characters, besides superior 
size, longer and larger canine teeth, and concomitant strong sagittal 
and lambdoidal criste, he had deemed it better to communicate 
these doubts to Dr. Savage, than to hazard a premature indication 
of a species, which might prove a sexual, or a local and stronger, 
variety of chimpanzee. 
Mr. Samuel Stutchbury of Bristol, who had likewise received from 
Dr. Savage a similar announcement of the existence of a large and 
formidable species of chimpanzee in the Gaboon district, had re- 
quested some of the captains of vessels trading from Bristol to the 
Gaboon river to make inquiries respecting the species and en- 
deavour to obtain specimens of it; and the result was that Captain 
George Wagstaff had succeeded in procuring at the Gaboon river, 
and had presented to Mr. Stutchbury, three skulls of the large species 
and one of the smaller species of chimpanzee, all adult: and these 
skulls Mr. Stutchbury had transmitted for description and exhibition 
at the Zoological Society. 
One of the skulls of the large species (Troglodytes Savagei) was 
of avery old male: the length of the skull was 113 inches (0-29), 
with the molars worn nearly to the stumps, and the crown of the 
canine reduced, partly by fracture, partly by attrition, to its basal 
portion : its pulp had been inflamed and had produced ulceration of 
the alveolus. 
A second skull was also of a male, of equal size, with the full 
dentition of maturity, but with merely the summits of the cusps of 
the molars and the margins of the incisors slightly worn. The 
third skull of the Troglodytes Savagei was of a female, 9 inches 
(0°23) long, with the mature dentition, and with the molars not 
more worn than in the younger male. The fourth skull was of a 
female adult chimpanzee, 74 inches (0°185) in length, of the known 
species (Troglodytes niger), with the complete permanent dentition, 
and the teeth more abraded than in the two preceding skulls. 
* Odontography, pl. 118, 119, fig. 1. 
