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3. DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF HERPESTES. 
By J. E. Gray, Esa., F.R.S. etc. 
HERPESTES PUNCTULATUS. 
Reddish grey, minutely black and grey punctured; face redder. 
Under-fur black ; long hair brown, upper half whitish, with a broad, 
black, subapical band and a bay tip. Tail-end black. 
Hab. South Africa; Port Natal. 
This species is allied to H. Mutgigella in size, appearance, and the 
black tip of the tail, but differs from that species in being redder, and 
in the face being red bay. 
It agrees with H. badius, A. Smith, in the colour of the end of the 
tail ; but that species differs from it in the nearly uniform bay colour 
and in the length of the hair. 
I may here remark, that H. badius offers two very distinct varieties, 
one being uniform red bay, the hair being of a uniform colour ex- 
cept a few just over the shoulder-nape which have a black subapical 
ring. This is the variety figured by Dr. Smith in the ‘ South African 
Zoology.’ The other with most of the hairs of the back and sides 
having long white tips edged below with a black band, giving the 
back a grisled appearance. 
The foregoing papers were followed by an address from Dr. Met- 
viLLE, M.R.C.S., m continuation of his observations commenced on 
December 12, 1848, concerning the Ipran VerTesRA, of which he 
has furnished the following abstract :— 
I employ the term ‘ vertebra’ in the extended sense in which it is 
used by M. Geoffroy St. Hilaire and Prof. Owen, as equivalent to a 
segment of the endo-skeleton, or to the proximal, more or less ossi- 
fied, element of that skeleton. 
The ideal or typical vertebra is the most complicated possible ver- 
tebral segment, exclusive of the ichthyic or other peculiarities ; it 
furnishes the key to the actual vertebrae in the same individual series 
or in the skeletons of the different vertebrate classes. 
An actual vertebra may exist as a unity prior to, or even during 
chondrosis, but becomes resolved by ossification into a variable num- 
ber of distinct and independent ultimate elements; which therefore 
are not repetitions of one and the same elementary ‘body’ or 
‘lamina.’ 
The number of these ultimate elements varies in the actual ver- 
tebrae in the same spinal column, and also in those constituting the 
skeletons of the different vertebrated animals. 
The ideal vertebra contains the greatest number of these elements, 
most of which form arches attached to, or springing from, a central 
piece or element, and protecting the great nervous and vascular axes 
and the visceral system. 
The upper or neural arch is composed generally of three elements, 
two lateral, (neural laminz, or neuropomata) ; and an upper or mesial 
