83 



be convinced of the truth of this statement when -vve reflect upon the 

 excitable temperament of the monkey and upon his natūrai habits : 

 in the forest or on the rocks, roaming and jumping about, ■whether 

 in pursuit of food or in the way of frolic and gambols, his mind is 

 ever employed and amused. If amusement be withheld from the 

 monkey he becoraes desponding, and his health declines in conse- 

 quence, just as in the case of man. In the summer there is no diffi- 

 culty in providing the reąuired amusements in the open air : I have 

 one monkey, a female Cercopithecus radiatus, who for two years 

 during the summer consecutively MPas aceustomed to roam at "large 

 over all the surrounding premises ; she became a favourite with 

 neighbours, -vvho used to encourage her visits. She returned to her 

 domicile \vith as much regularity as a common household animal. 



" 5. Catamenia. — I have a Papio leucophcms , which I have had four 

 years, which regularly, so far as I have observed, menstruates at in- 

 tervals of about six weeks. The labia become enormously swelled 

 and protuberant, and during the subsidence of the swelling a san- 

 guineous discharge appears. I have also a female Cercopithecus 

 radiatus which has occasionally exhibited a discharge of the šame 

 character. I have noticed that two individuals of Cercopithecus ra- 

 diatus are habitually afFected with a copious mucous discharge from 

 the vagina. I have sometimes seen large, transparent, colourless 

 clots of mucus evacuated. 



" 6. Lice. — I have occasionally observed small lice, especially about 

 the shoulders. I have found the best remedies in cleanliness and 

 sulphur ointment. 



" 7. Diseases. — Although I have had seventeen living monkeys 

 at one time I have only lošt one, of phthisis pulmonalis ; and in the 

 case of that one (Papio Rhtesus) I am satisfied that the disease had 

 far advanced before he came into my possession. I lošt one, which 

 had previously belonged to an itinerant sho-wman (Cercopithecus 

 Mona), of tubercular ulceration of the mucous membrane of the intes- 

 tines ; the liver, and, what is rare in man, the spleen also contained 

 tubercular deposit. I have lošt some from acute diarrhcea. In a 

 Barbary Ape (Tnuus sylvanus) which I lošt I found only congestion 

 of the vessels of the pia mater and a small hydated cyst at the base 

 of the brain ; he had just arrived at the period of cutting the canine 

 teeth. A Cercopithecus niber (Patas or Senegal monkey) died con- 

 vulsed ; it was examined by my friend Mr. Goodsir of Edinburgh, 

 ■who found no appreciable lesion. A brown Cebus, Tvhich I kept 

 during two years, died of moUities ossium. Severai of the bones 

 were broken, and, \vhat is remarkable, the large canine teeth con- 

 tinued to be developed long after the bone of the head. Accordingly, 

 they remained in situ, and formed beneath each eye a curious tuber- 

 cle. No appearance of disease existed in any of the viscera. The 

 first approach of the disease was indicated by slight dragging of the 

 hinder extremities, a sjinptom ^hich, so far as I have hitherto ob- 

 served, has uniformly terminated after several months in death. The 

 animal before death had a depraved appetite, occasionally eating his 

 own ordure. He was much in the habit of masturbation, which he 



