286 PROF. OWEN ON THE ANATOMY 



The Rectus capitis nnticus minor (PI. XXXV. c) is a strong fleshy compressed trian- 

 gular muscle arising from the anterior part of the body of the first four cervical ver- 

 tebrae. Ins. Base of occiput. 



The Rectus capitis lateralis (PI. XXXII. XXXV. d) arises from the upper transverse 

 processes of the sixth to the second cervical vertebra inclusive. Ins. Side of the base of 

 the skull. 



C. Muscles of the Tail. 



Levator caudce. — Origin. From the posterior and superior extremity of the ischium. 

 Ins. Into the spines of the caudal vertebrae. 



Adductor caudee superior. — This muscle is smaller than the preceding, with which it 

 runs parallel ; it rises below from the posterior extremity or tuber of the ischium , and 

 is inserted into the transverse processes of the caudal vertebras. 



Adductor caudce inferior. — Origin. From the tuber ischii, and the ligament connecting 

 this with the posterior extremity of the pubis. Ins. Into the transverse processes of 

 the caudal vertebrae. 



Depressor cauda. — Origin. From the under part of the middle line of pelvis. Ins. 

 Into the inferior spines of the caudal vertebrae. 



D. Muscles of the Abdomen. 



Obliquus externus abdominis (PI. XXXIl. XXXV. e). — Origin. Fleshy, from the second 

 and third ribs, and by a strong aponeurosis from the succeeding ribs near the attachment 

 of the costal processes, and from those processes. Ins. The fleshy fibres are continued 

 from this aponeurotic origin to nearly opposite the ends of the vertebral ribs ; they run 

 almost transversely, very slightly inclined towards the pubis, to within half an inch of 

 the linea alba, and there terminate, by an almost straight, parallel line, in their aponeu- 

 rosis of insertion. The fibres of this aponeurosis decussate those of the opposite side, 

 and adhere to the tendinous intersections of the rectus beneath. The aponeurosis from 

 the last rib passes to be inserted into a strong ligament extending between the free ex- 

 tremities of the ossa pubis, leaving the abdomen behind the last rib, defended only by 

 the internal oblique and transversalis . 



Obliquus internus abdominis (PI. XXXV. /). — Origin. From the whole of the anterior 

 and outer surface of the pubis ; aponeurotic from the upper part, fleshy for half an inch 

 from the lower or ventral extremity : the carneous fibres run longitudinally, and cannot 

 he distinctly defined from the intercostales on their outer border, or from the rectus ab- 

 dominis on their inner or mesial border, which forms the medium of the insertion of the 

 internal oblique. 



Rectus abdominis (PI. XXXV. g). — I give this name to the mesial continuation of the 

 preceding muscle, which arises by a strong, flat, triangular tendon (g) from the lower or 



