376 
Dr. Gray has described these animals, believing them to be new, 
in a recent number of the ‘Annals of Natural History,’ as Rusa 
javanica (Ann. N. H. ser. iii. vol. vi. p. 218, Sept. 1860). But on 
reference to the figure of Cervus pseudaris of MM. Eydoux and 
Souleyet in the ‘ Zoology of the Voyage of the Bonite’ (Atlas, pl. 3. 
Zool. p. 64), and to the further details concerning the same animal 
given by Dr. Pucheran in the ‘Archives du Muséum d’ Hist. Nat.’ 
(vi. pp. 416, 489), it seems probable that our new acquisition may 
belong to the same species. The locality of the example figured in 
the ‘ Voyage of the Bonite’ was not ascertained ; but a second speci- 
men, brought home by the expedition of the ‘ Astrolabe and Zelée,’ 
was said to have come from the Soolvo Islands. This discrepancy 
of localities is a fact which would lead me to believe that our 
animals are different from Cervus pseudazis ; but in the structure of 
the horns, in the general colouring of the body, in the elongation of 
the hairs of the mane and throat, and in the disappearance of the 
white spots in winter, our specimens seem to me to agree well with 
the peculiarities indicated by the French authorities ; and the male 
possesses partially developed canines, which are likewise spoken of 
in the case of Cervus pseudazis. 
Mr. Blyth has also recently described a Deer from the island of 
Formosa, under the name Cervus taiouanus (Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 
xxx. p. 90), which is probably likewise referable to this same species. 
At the time of writing this description, Mr. Blyth was inclined to 
consider the Formosan animal different from a pair of the small Deer 
of Japan, which he had living with him in Calcutta at the same 
date. This opinion, however, he has subsequently modified, stating, 
ina letter, addressed to me, dated July 4th of the present year, with 
reference to the Formosan and Japanese Deer, which he had then 
turned out together in his garden at Calcutta, that he was “ satisfied 
that they were of one and the same species.” 
My opinion therefore is—though I do not state it without hesita- 
tion, against so high an authority on the subject of the Cervide as 
Dr. Gray—that Rusa javanica is probably a synonym of Cervus pseud- 
axis, Eydoux and Souleyet, and Cervus tatouanus, Blyth. But there 
is, perhaps, a still older appellation for this little Deer. The figure 
of Temminck and Siebold’s Cervus sika, in the ‘ Fauna Japonica,’ 
certainly looks very little like the male of this species. The uniform 
colouring and the third branch to the horns are very noticeable 
points in which it differs from our male Deer. To the description 
given in the same work I have unfortunately had no access, the 
sheets containing it being deficient in the only copy I have been able 
to consult. But Mr. Bartlett, who has lately returned from Hol- 
land, informs me that a female Deer living in the Gardens at Am- 
sterdam, and there considered as Cervus sika, is undoubtedly the 
same as ours; and as the Dutch naturalists have consulted the type 
in the Leyden Museum, there appears to be little doubt of the fact. 
I am therefore induced to believe that the following may prove to be 
the correct synonymy of this species of Deer :-— 
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