TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Preface , . iii 



Translator's Preface v 



Divisions of Scientific Botany and General Cousideratious . . 1 



Part I. 



The Cell. 



I. Introduction 4 



II. Primordial Utricle and Cell-wall in Tlieir Mutual Relation* 



ship. Turgor. Plasmolysis 7 



III. Cell-contents 10 



A. Living Inclusions of the Cytoplasm 10 



(a) Nucleus 10 



(b) Cbloiopbyll-grains, Chromoplastids, Leucoplastids . . .13 



B. Dead Inclusions of Cytoplasm 16 



(a) Starch 17 



(b) Aleuron-grains 21 



(c) The Remaining Solid Dead Inclusions of the Cell ... 22 



C. The Cell-sap and the Remaining Fluid Contents of the Cell . 24 

 IT. The Cell-wall 25 



A. Internal Structure and Method of Growth of the Cell-wall . 26 



B. Chemical Composition and Subsequent Cbanges in the Cell-wall 30 



C. Products of the Growth in Thickness and Surface of the Cell- 



walls 32 



V. The Origin of Cells ... 42 



Part II. 



Tissues and Simple Organs. 



A. Structure of Tissues and Simple Organs 45 



B. Differentiation of Tissues according to Structure and Func- 



tion (Physiological Anatomy of Simple Organs) ... 49 



Differences of Functions and Their Enumeration .... 49 



Special Functions : 



I. The Function of Formative Tissues (Meristem and Cambium) . 51 



II. Structure and Function of the Epidermal Tissue-system . 53 



III. Function of Mechanical Tissues 63 



