R. H. Howe: MANUAL OF THE GENUS USNEA ic 
Usnea plicata barbata (L.) R. H. Howe, comb. nov. 
Type: Species based on Usnea barbata of Dillenius; the 
“sterile”? Dillenian specimen is in the Dillenian herbarium, 
Botanic Gardens, Oxford, England, and has been determined by 
Crombie as ‘“‘ Usnea dasypoga (Ach.).” 
TyPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Europae & Americae  septentrionalis.”’ 
(‘‘ Eandem habeo ex Pensylvania.’’— Dill.) 
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: “ Filamentosus pendulus subarticu- 
latus, ramis patentibus,”’ L. Sp. Pl. 1155. 1753. 
Ficures: [Dill. Hist. Musc. 7. 72.f. 6. 1741.] 
Synonymy : [ Usnea barbata, ete. Dill. loc. cit. 63.) 
Lichen barbatus L. Sp. Pl. 1155. 1753. 
Usnea barbata Web.; Wigg. Prim. Fl. Holsat. 91. 1780. 
Diacnosis: Similar to U. plicata but less coarse, secondary 
branches closely beset with eguzform rectangularly divergent fibrils. 
DESCRIPTION —typical: Zhad/us pendulous, less coarse than 
in U. plicata, terete, scabrous, annularly scarred, stramineous to 
virescent, papillae now sparse, often confined to proximal portions 
of primary branches (now ruptured-sorediate) ; primary branches 
proximally coarse, rarely at length intricate, subpatent (max. 
length 120 cm.) ; secondary branches simple, occasionally dichot- 
omous ; fidri/s equiform (2-8 mm.), subflexuous, stipate, simple, 
rarely dichotomous, rectangularly divergent. Afothecia as in 
plicata, but smaller (6 mm.) and very infrequent. Spores as in U. 
florida. 
CONTINGENT PHASES : (a, 6, c) As of U. plicata. 
(2) Primary branches darkening. 
SupstTraATA: As in U. plicata. 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION : Common throughout the upper 
Austral and Transition zones, occurring also in the lower Boreal. 
Like the last, it is better exhibited on the Pacific coast, where the 
plants are stramineous, intricate and very pendulous (130 cm.). 
On the North Atlantic coast it is virescent, and rarely obtains a 
pendular length of over 35 cm. Here also it is less intricate, gen- 
erally consisting of six or eight simple branches arising from a 
single base. 
OpssERVATIONS: This plant, Usnea barbata, c dasypoga Fr. of 
Tuckerman, is similar to U. p/icata, but it is never so coarse, its 
secondary branches are simple or subsimple and have rectangu- 
