R. H. Howe: Manual OF THE GENUS USNEA 9 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Abundant throughout the 
Tropical, Austral, Transition, and Canadian zones on the Atlantic 
coast, occurring from Newfoundland (Waghorne) to Cuba (Wright), 
extending westward as far as Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota 
(Fink), and south to Tennessee, Missouri, Alabama, Louisiana, and 
Texas, U. cavernosa seeming to replace it from here westward, 
though (in a peculiar condition) it was recorded from the Yellow- 
stone region in 1872 by Willey. 
The type or topotypes of the variety from Texas described by 
Miller I have not seen; the following original description is, 
however, applicable to a plant sent me by Professor Macoun from 
Vancouver Island, at the entrance to Barclay Sound, collected in 
1909. A microscopic study of this plant shows it, nevertheless, 
to be closely affiliated to U. /ongissima, if not simply a young or 
abnormal specimen of the latter species. ‘ Usnea trichodea var. 
ciliata Mill.-Arg.” was described as follows: “thallus more U. 
trichodeae tenuis, laevis et albido-cinereus, at longe aut longissime 
ramigerus et more U. longissimae dense fibrillosus ; apothecia 
parva, 1.5—-3 mm. lata, raro diametro 6 mm. attingentia, ambitu 
ciliis 3-8 circ. 2-5 mm. longis ornata, dorso subinde pauci-fibril- 
ligera et elongatione ramilli deflexi saepius praedita, discus glauco- 
albidus v. albo-carneus ; sporae ellipsoideae v. subgloboso-ellip- 
soideae, 5-8 » longae. — Habitat ad ramos et ramulos arborum 
prope Dallas, Texas.” 
UsnEA ArtTicuLata (L.) Hoffm. 
Type: Species based on Usnea capillacea and U. nodosa of 
Dillenius ; the “ sterile’’ Dillenian specimen is in the Dillenian 
herbarium, Botanic Gardens, Oxford, England, and is the species 
commonly understood as “‘ Usnea articulata (L.)”’ fide Crombie. 
Type LOCALITY: “ Europae australis.”’ 
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: ‘ Filamentosus articulatus, ramulis 
tenuissimis punctatis,” L. Sp. Pl. 1156. 1753. 
Figures: [Dill. Hist. Musc. p/. rz. f. 4. 1741.] Sowerby, 
Eng. Bot. 4: p/. 258 (?). 1801. 
Synonymy: [ Usnea capillacea et nodosa, etc. Dill. loc. cit. 60.] 
Lichen articulatus L. Sp. Pl. 1156. 1753. 
Usnea articulata Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. 2: 133. 1795. 
