164 DowELL: THE VIOLETS OF STATEN ISLAND 
Key to the Staten Island species of violets 
1. Acaulescent: leaves and flowers directly from underground stems 
Leaves lobed or deeply cut. 
Leaves parted into many slender radiating divisions ; style 
ot beaked. 
Leaves shallowly or deeply lobed, witha main middle part; 
style slightly 
Plants not hairy, or but slightly so on the = sur- 
face and margin of leaf; capsules 
Plants more or less hairy on exals nat nes stalks; 
capsules mottled with purple. 
Leaves variable, Beh irregularly lobed or 
deeply parte 
Leaves, or some of them, three-lobed, the others 
not lobed 
Leaves not lobed. 
Petals blue or lavender. 
Capsules — on erect stalks. 
ot hairy, or int slightly so on the upper 
urface and margin of leaf. 
‘eu — pectinately toothed or regu- 
larly in 
Leaves a. ene deeply cordate ; seeds 
nearly black, 
Leaves triangular-ovate, truncate at base, 
with larger teeth at bas 
Leaves sagittate or cong -ovate, narrower 
than in the prece 
Plants hairy, leafstalk an not much longer 
than the blade. 
— seen seins with purple, on prostrate to 
Plants dint bin on leafstalks, or with long 
hairs o} upper surface of leaf. 
Flower ae and leafstalks hair 
pper surfac ce of leaf with rather long hairs, 
otherwise not hairy, plants low. 
Plants not pads or only rai so on upper sur- 
and margin of lea 
Lacie not deeply see ; capsules often 
nely hairy, on ascending stalks ; auricles 
of calyx ciliolate, seeds buff. 
Leaves cordate, larger than in the preced- 
ing; capsules larger, never 7 closed 
owers at first prostrate ; ripe s 
Petals white, some streaked with purple ; prea Geely 
spreading by slender stolons 
Blade of leaf hairy on at aoe one surface, 
Leaves hairy on the upper surface, otherwise 
nearly smooth, 
Y 
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Sy 
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N 
14. 
V. pedata. 
V. Brittoniana. 
V. palmata. 
V. triloba. 
V, pectinata. 
V. cucullata, 
V. emarginata. 
V. sagittata. 
V~. fimbriatula. 
V. sororia. 
V. hirsutula. 
V. affinis. 
V. papilionacea. 
V. blanda, 
