DowWELL: THE VIOLETS OF STATEN ISLAND 179 
the island and that there are thus two life zones represented. 
Attention may here be called to V. rotundifolia as a remnant of 
mountain flora growing in the lowlands between Bulls Head and 
New Springville. In this connection may be mentioned also Asver 
acuminatus Michx., which grows in the same place, near Bulls 
Head, and at two other places in the low woods towards the west 
and south. 
Since Staten Island is a part of Greater New York, and real 
estate improvements are continually encroaching on nature, some 
of the species are scarce, and the localities in which they are found 
may soon be used for city lots. Thus these species may be ex- 
terminated from the island, and their occurrence here will be 
chiefly of historical interest. 
PorT RICHMOND, N. Y, 
Explanation of plates 11-18 
PLATE II 
Viola affinis x Britteniana Dowell, < 3; a, plant collected June 9 (x0. 4768); 
6, leaf and capsule from specimen collected June 20 (0. 5736); c, leaf from same 
plant Aug. 12 (70. 5957). 
PLATE 12 
Viola affinis < fimbriatula Dowell; a, plant collected May 18 (0. 4683); 6 
and ¢, leaf and capsule from plant grown in garden, collected Sept. 29 (0. 5239); @ 
and 6 3, ¢ & 3. 
PLATE 13 
Viola affinis < palmata Dowell, x 3. (No. wes ) 
PLATE 14 
Viola Brittoniana < papilionacea Dowell, <}. (Vo. 5950.) 
PLATE 15 
Viola fimbriatula < hirsutula Dowell, <2. (Vo. 6007.) 
PLATE 16 
Viola hirsutula X sororia Dowell, <2. (No. 5682.) 
PLATE 17 
Viola lanceolata X primulifolia Dowell, natural size ; a, plant collected May 29 
(no. 4723) ; 4, ¢, leaf and capsule from plant grown in garden, Sept. 29. 
PLATE 18 
Viola pallens < primulifolia Dowell, x 2. (Wo. 5596.) 
