226 Haynes: THE GENUS SPHAEROCARPOS 
especially those of the neck, thin-walled and nonprotuberant : cap- 
sule averaging 587 4, the bulbous foot remaining attached to cap- 
sule; spores permanently united in tetrads, these 66-83 in diam- 
eter, golden-brown, cristate-reticulate, the crests sinuous, 5 high, 
delicate, somewhat elevated at the angles, occasionally crossing the 
boundaries of the spores, anastomosing irregularly, forming closed 
or partially closed meshes or occasionally running in parallel lines 
toward the boundaries of the spore, a blunt spine occurring now 
and then within the areolae, the margin in optical section appear- 
ing crenulate to tuberculate. [PLATE 28. ] 
Hasirar: Clayey places in copses ; on bare alluvial soil in the 
shade of willows. 
Type Locarity: Pullman, Washington. 
DistTrisuTion : Washington. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: C. V. Piper gr, type, July 2, 1894, and 
July 21, 1894, both collected at Pullman, Washington, and pre- 
served in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. 
This species resembles most closely Sphaerocarpos cristatus, 
differing markedly in the involucre being tubular with a wide or 
flaring orifice, instead of being subglobose with small orifice, and 
in the tetrads remaining permanently united, while in S. cr7status 
they separate long before maturity. The spore markings of the 
two species are somewhat similar, though those of S. Aians show 
more regular reticulations. 
4. SPHAEROCARPOS Donne Aust. Bull. Torrey Club 6: 157. 
1877. — Underw. Bull. Illinois State Lab. Nat. Hist. 2: 30. 
1884. — Stephani, Bull. Herb. Boiss. '7: 656. 1899. 
_ 4A\rchegonial thallus cuneate, averaging 9 mm. long and 6 mm. 
in greatest width, forming mats, dark green, faded green when 
dried, forking repeatedly, lobes large, explanate, margin sinuous, 
marginal cells generally oblong, 33 x 66 mw; archegonial invo- 
lucres 2-2.3 mm. high, sessile, not crowded together, somewhat 
isolated, ovoid-ellipsoid, tubular, truncate at apex, orifice some- 
what conspicuous, cells at orifice 39-46: antheridial thallus 
cuneate, 3 mm. in maximum diameter, each of its five or six main 
divisions once or twice furcate, lobes large, leaf-like; antheridial 
involucres 448-996 mu in height, 3 times their diameter, red-brown, 
cells with somewhat thick walls : capsule averaging 724 m in diam- 
eter, the bulbous foot remaining in thallus on detachment of 
capsule ; spores separating at maturity; spore-tetrad averaging 
145 in diameter just before separating, provided with a promi- 
