106 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



h. Head and neck ashy, paler on jugulum, where the color fades gradually 

 inlo tiie white of breast. Rump and upper tail-coverts bright rufous. 



5. P. supercilioss.^ An obsolete whitish superciliary stripe. Greater 

 wing-coverts obsoletely whitish at tips ; no other white markings on 

 upper parts, and the tail-patches indistinct. Hah. Brazil. (Perhaps not 

 genuine Pipilo.) 



B. Sides ashy or tinged with ochraceous ; lower tail-coverts ochraceous, not 

 sharply contrasted with white on the abdomen, or else the abdomen concolor 

 with the side. Head never black, and upper parts without light markings 

 (except the wing m fuscus var. alhkollis). 

 a. Wings and tail olive-green. 



6. P. chlorurus. Whole pileum (except in young) deep rufous, sharply 

 defined. Whole throat pure white, immaculate, and sharply defined 

 against the surrounding deep ash; a maxillary and a. short supraloral 

 stripe of white. Anterior parts of body streaked in young. Hah. 

 Western Province of United States. 



h. Wings and tail grayish-brown. 



7. P. fuscus. A whitish or ochraceous patch covering the throat con- 

 trasting with the adjacent portions, and bounded by dusky specks. 

 Lores and chin like the throat. Hah. Mexico, and United States west 

 of Rocky Mountains. (Five races.) 



8. P. aberti. Throat concolor with the adjacent portions, and without 

 distinct spots. Lores and chin blackish. Hab. Colorado region of 

 Middle Province, United States. (Only one form known.) 



. SECTION I. 



Head hlach. 



Pipflo erythrophthalmus. 



After a careful study of the very large collection of Black-headed Pipilos 

 (leaving for the present the consideration of those with olive-green bodies) 

 in the Smithsonian Museum, we have come finally to the conclusion that all 

 tlie species described as having the scapulars and wing-coverts spotted with 

 white — as ardicus, oregonus, and megalonyx, and even including the differ- 

 ently colored P. maculatus of Mexico — are probably only geographical races 

 of one species, representing in the trans-Missouri region the P. erythrophthal- 

 mus of the eastern division of the continent. It is true that specimens may 

 be selected of the four races capable of accurate definition, but the transition 



from forehead, .73 ; from nostril, .43. Legs: Tarsus, 1.24 ; middle toe and claw, 1.10 ; claw 

 alone, .36 ; hind toe and claw, .85 ; claw alone, .50. No. 60,050, Mexico, is similar, in all 

 essential respects. 



From the analogies of the black Pijiilos, it is reasonable to consider these two birds as distinct 

 species, or at least varieties, especially as the specimen before us of that with unspotted wings 

 is marked male. The general appearance is otherwise much the same, the unspotted bird rather 

 smaller, and without the dusky interscapular markings described in macronijx. Should No. 50,225 

 represent a distinct species, it maybe called P. chlorosoma, and distinguished as above. (60,050, 

 Mexico, BoucARD.) 



1 Pipilo lateralis (N ATT.). Emhcriza- lateralis, Natt. Mus. Vind. MSS. Poospiza lat. BuRM. 

 Til. Bras. Ill, Av. 2, p. 215. Pipilo supcrciUosa, Swains. An. Menag. 311, 95, tig. 59. 



