234 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



7. C. nasicus.^ Nostrils- scarcely concealed by the short nasal bris- 

 tles. Entirely violaceous-black, the feathers smoky-gray beneath 

 the surface. Wing, 11.00; tail, 7.75; culmen, 2.45; depth of 

 bill, .80; tarsus, 1.95; middle toe, 1.50; graduation of tail about 

 1.00 ; wing-formula, 4, 3, 5, 6, 2 ; first quill shortest. Hah. Cuba. 



8. C. leucognaphalus.^ Nostrils well concealed by the longer, but 

 rather scant, nasal bristles. Entirely violaceous-black, the feathers 

 of the neck all round, breast and sides, pure white below the sur- 

 face. Wing, 12.50 ; tail, 9.00 ; culmen, 2.45 ; depth of bill, .95 ; 

 tarsus, 2.15 ; middle toe, 1.50 ; graduation of tail about 1.25. 

 Wing-formula, 4, 5, 3, 6, 2 ; first quill much the shortest. Hob. 

 Porto Rico. 



h. Tarsus about equal to bill. 



9. C. jamaicensis.* Nostrils just covered by the short but dense 

 tuft of nasal bristles. Entirely dark sooty-plumbeous, inclining to 

 black on the head, wings, and tail, where is a very faint violaceous 

 gloss. Wing, 9.50 ; tail, 6.50 ; culmen, 2.00 ; depth of bill, 1.70 ; 

 tarsus, 2.05; middle toe, 1.35 ; graduation of tail, about .60. 

 Wing-formula, 5, 4, 3, 6, 2 ; first shortest. Hob. Jamaica. 



Corvus corax, var. carnivorus, Baktram. 



AMERICAN RAVEN. 



Corvus carnivorus, Bartram, Travels in E. Florida, 1793, 290. — Baird, Birds N. Am. 

 1858, 560, pi. xxi. —Cooper & Suckley, 210, pi. xxi. — Coues, P. A. N. S. 1866, 

 225. —Lord, Pr. R. A. Inst. IV, 1864, 121 (British Columbia). —Dall & Bannister, 

 Tr. Ch. Ac. I, 1869, 285 (Alaska). — Cooper, Orn. Cal. 1, 1870, 282. — Samuels, 

 355. Corvus corax, Wilson, Am. Orn. IX, 1825, 136, pi. Ixxv. f. 3. — Bonap. Obs. 

 Wils. 1825, No. 36. — Ib. Syn. 1828, 56. — Doughty, Cab. N. H. I, 1830, 270, pi. 

 xxiv. — Rich. F. B. Am. II, 1831, 290. — Nuttall, Man. I, 1832, 202. — Aud. Orn. 

 Biog. II, 1834, 476, pi. ci. — Ib. Syn. 1839, 150. — Ib. Birds Am. IV. 1842, 78, pi. 

 ccxxiv. — Heerm. X, S, 54. — Fixsch, Abh. Nat. Ill, 1872, 40 (Alaska). Corvus caca- 

 lotl, "Wagler,"? Bonap. Pr. Zool. Soc. 1837, 115 (perhaps true OTCrt/o</). — Ib. List, 

 1838 (probably not of Wagler). — Ib. Conspectus, 1850, 387. — Maximilian, Raise 

 innere Nord Amer. II, 1841, 289 (does not consider it different from European). — 

 Newberry, P. R. R. Rep. VI, iv, 1857, 82. Corvus luguhris, Agassiz, Pr. Bost. 

 Soc. N. H. II, Dec. 1846, 188. — Ib. Caban. J. VI, 1858, 195. — Baird, Birds N. Am. 

 1858, 563, pi. XX. — Kennerly, P. R. R. X, b. pi. xxii. Corvus, var. littoralis, 

 "Holboll, Kroger Tidsk. IV, 1843, 390." — Schlegel, note on Corvus. 



1 C. nasicus, Temm. Pi. Col. 413. — Gundl. Rev. y Catal. de las Aves de Cuba, 1865, 290. 

 Corvus americanus, Lemb. Aves de Cuba, 1830, 65. ffab. Cuba. 



2 C. leucognaphalus, Daud. Tr. d'Orn. II, 231. — Sall6, P. Z. S. 1857, 232. — Bryant, 

 Pr. Bost. Soc. 1866, XI, 94. Hah. Porto Rico and Santo Domingo. 



3- C. jamaicensis, Gm. S. N. I, 367. — Gosse, B. Jam. 209. — Scl. Catal. Am. B. 1860, 146. 

 "Bonap. Consp. 385. — Sall6, P. Z. S. 1857, 232. — March, P. A. N. S, 1863, 300. —Bryant, 

 Pr. Bost. Soc. 1866, XI, 94. Hab. Jamaica and Santo Domingo. 



The C. minutus of Cuba we have not seen ; it seems, however, to be rather nearly related to 

 C. ossifrnrjus, and possesses more lengthened nasal plumes than the three West Indian species 

 diagnosed above. Its synonomy is as follows : — 



Corvus minutus, Gundl. Cab. J. 1856, 20, jj. 97. — Ib. Rev. y Catal. de las Aves de Cuba. 

 Hab. Cuba. 



