TYRANNID^E — THE FLYCATCHERS. 331 



2. M. validus.' All the wing-coverts, tertials, secondaries, primaries, and 

 rectrices- distinctly edged with rufous (the latter on both webs). Above 

 olivaceous, more ashy anteriorly ; the upper tail-coverts more rufescent ; 

 remiges broadly rufous on exterior edges ; rectrices with the whole inner 

 web (except a narrow streak along the shaft) and edge of outer web rufous. 

 Head beneath, and entire throat and breast, deep ash ; rest of lower parts 

 sulphur-yellow, the junction of the two colors not well defined. Wing, 

 3.80-4.20; tail, 3.80-4.20; culmen, 1.00; tarsus, .80-91; tail even; 

 third and fourth quill longest. Hab. Jamaica. 



3. M. crinitus. Outer webs of primaries distinctly edged with rufous (no 

 other rufous on wings) ; inner webs of rectrices broadly, sometimes entirely, 

 rufous, none on outer webs (except in young). Above olivaceous, varying 

 from a greenish to an ashy cast, the pileum more brownish. Wing-coverts 

 (both rows) broadly tipped with brownish ashy-whitish; tertials, secondaries, 

 and lateral tail-feather broadly edged on outer web with the same. Head 

 laterally and beneath ashy, paler on the throat and jugulum; rest of lower 

 parts delicate yellow, varying from a rich lemon to a pale sulphur tint. 

 Hah. Continental America. 



Bill dark brown (never black). Upper parts decidedl}^ greenish; ash 

 of throat and jugulum, and yellow of abdomen, etc., very deep. 



Inner webs of rectrices wholly rufous, or with only a narrow 

 strip of dusky along the shaft. Wing, 3.75 - 4.25 ; tail, 3.75 - 4.20; 

 culmen, .95-1.00; tarsus, .85 -.90. Hab. Eastern Province of 

 North America ; in winter south through Eastern Mexico to 

 Guatemala (grading into var. irritahilis in Nicaragua) . var. crinitus. 

 Bill deep black ; upper parts without a greenish, but, instead, an ashy- 

 brownish cast ; ash of throat and jugulum, and yellow of abdomen, 

 etc., very pale. 



Inner webs of rectrices broadly (but not entirel}') rufous to the 

 extreme tip, with a broad dusky stripe next the shaft. 



Wing, 4.10-4.50; tail, 4.00-4.70; culmen, 1.10-1.20; 

 tarsus, 1.00-1.05. Hab. Southern and Western Mexico 

 (Tehuan tepee, Yucatan, Mazatlan, etc.) . . var. cooper i!^ 



Wing, 3.60-3.90; tail, 3.50-3.75; culmen, .90-1.00; tarsus, 

 .80 - .85. Hab. Eastern South America, and Central America, 

 from Paraguay to Costa Rica (grading into var. cooperim Grua- 

 temala, and into var. cinerascens in Tehuan tepee) var. irritahilis? 



1 Myiarchus validus, Cabanis. Tyrannus crinitus, Gosse, B. Jam. 18G (nee Auct.). Myiar- 

 clmsvalidus, Caban. Orn. Nat. II, 351, et Auct. CouES, P. A. N. S. July, 1872, 62. 



^ Myiarchus crinitus, var. cooperi (Kaup.) Baikd. Tyrannula coopcri, Kaup. P. Z. S. 1851, 

 51. Myiarchus coopcri, Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 180. Myiarchus crinitus, var. coopcri, 

 .CouES, P. A. N. S. July, 1872, 67. 



3 Myiarchus crinitus, var. irritabilis (ViEiLL.), Coues. Tyrannus irritabilis, Vieill. Enc. 

 Meth. 1823, II, 847. Myiarchus crinitus, var. irritabilis, CouEs, P. A. N. S. July, 1872, 65. 

 {M. erythrocercus, ScL. ; M. mexicanus, Kaup, Lawr. ; M. yucatanensis, Lawr.) 



Obs. — It is, perhaps, probable that in Yucatan this race grades into the M. stolidus (var. 

 stolidus), since there is a specimen in the collection from Merida (39,213, April 9, 1865, A. Schott) 

 which seems to be very nearly intermediate in every way between the two. It has the very 

 black bill, restricted rufous on inner webs of rectrices, and pale yellow of lower parts of M. 

 stolidus, and the brown pileum and more robust proi)ovtions of irritabilis. The specimen, how- 

 ever, is in poor condition, being of worn and faded plumage, and much distorted, so that its 

 true characters cainiot be ascertained satisfactorily. 



