PICIDvE — THE WOODPECKERS. 501 



(Var. jardini similar, but much smaller, 7.00, and lower parts 

 smoky-brown.) Hah. Middle and western North America, 

 and south to Costa Rica ...... var. harrisi. 



2. P. pubescens. Outer tail-feather white, with transverse black 

 bands ; length about 6.25. 



All the quills, with middle and greater wing-coverts, with 

 large white spots. Hab. Eastern North America . var. pubescens. 



Innermost quills and some of the coverts entirely black ; 

 remaining white spots reduced in size. Hah. Western North 

 America ........ var. g air dneri. 



DYCTIOPICUS, BoN. Whole back banded transversely with black 

 and white. Beneath white, with black spots on sides. Maxillary 

 and auricular black stripes confluent at their posterior ends, the latter 

 not running into the nape. In the males at least half of top of head 

 red. Length, about 6.50. 



3. P. scalaris. Anterior portion of the back banded with white ; 

 lores and nasal tufts smoky brown. Black stripes on sides of the 

 head very much narrower than the white ones, and not connected 

 with the black of the shoulders. Male with the whole crown red. 



Outer web of lateral tail-feathers barred with black to the 

 base. White bands on back exceeding the black ones in width ; 

 red of the crown very continuous, on the forehead predomi- 

 nating over the black and white. (Sometimes the black at 

 base of inner web of lateral tail-feather divided by white 

 bars.) Hab. Southern and Eastern Mexico, and Rio Grande 



region of United States var. scalaris. 



Outer web of lateral tail-feather barred with black only 

 toward end. Red of crown nmch broken anteriorly, and in 

 less amount than the black and white mixed with it. White 

 bands of tlie back not wider, generally much narrower than 

 the black ones. 



Bill, .90 ; tarsus, .70. Red of crown extending almost to 

 the bill. Hab. Western Mexico, up to Western Arizona. 



var. gr ay soni. 

 Bill, 1.10 ; tarsus, .75. Red of crown disappearing about 

 on a line above the eye. Hab. Cape St. Lucas. 



var. lucas anus. 



4. P. nuttalli. Anterior portion of back not banded with white ; lores 

 and nasal tufts white. Black stripes on side of the head very much 

 broader than the white ones, and connected by a narrow strip with the 

 black of the shoulders. Male with only the nape and occiput red. 

 Hub. California (only). 



b. One white stripe, only, on side of head, and this occupying whole 

 auricular region. Tail-feathers narrowed at ends, the points of the middle 

 ones much elongated. First quill longer than sixth. Bill very small, much 

 shorter than head. 



PHRENOPICTJS, BoNAP. Back and wings transversely banded with 

 black and Avhite, and sides spotted with black, as in Dyctiopicus. 



5. P. borealis. Red of male restricted to a concealed narrow 

 line on each side of the occiput, at the junction of the white and 

 black. Maxillary black stripe very broad and conspicuous, running 

 back to the series of black spots on sides of breast. Three outer 



