546 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



posed surface of quills without any white, except on the outer primaries. Female with 

 the chin white instead of red. Length, 9.00; wing, 5.00; tail, 4.70. 



Hab. Rocky Mountains to the Cascade Mountains, Sierra Nevada. Localities : West 

 Arizona (Coues, P. A. N. S. 1866, 54). 



Head and neck all round, sides of breast and body, upper parts generally, 

 wings, and tail, glossy greenish-black. A well-defined white stripe from the 

 nostrils (including the bristly nasal feathers) passing backwards under the 

 eye ; another, nearly parallel, starting at the upper part of the eye, and nearly 

 meeting its fellow on the occiput. Chin and throat red along their central 

 line. A large patch on the wing, including the exposed portions of the 

 middle and greater coverts, white, although the anterior lesser coverts are 

 black. The inner face of the wings, excepting the smaller coverts, is black, 

 banded transversely on the inner primaries with white ; the sides of body 

 behind and under tail-coverts white, with broadly V-shaped bands of black, 

 which color on the latter occupies the whole central portion of the feath- 

 ers. Eump and upper tail-coverts pure white ; back with a few indistinct 

 and concealed spots of the same. Quills black; the margins of exterior 

 primaries spotted with white, the inner margins only of the remaining quills 

 with similar but larger and more transverse blotches. Middle of the body, 

 from the breast to the vent, sulphur-yellow, Mdth the exception of the 

 type which had been preserved in alcohol (which sometimes extracts the 

 red of feathers). We have seen no specimen (except young birds, marked 

 female), in a considerable number, without red on the chin, and are inclined 

 to think that both sexes exhibit this character. Young birds from the Rocky 

 Mountains are very similar to the adult, but have the throat marked white, 

 and the inner web of innermost tail-feather banded with the same color. 

 No. 16,090, $ ad. (Fort Crook, California), has a single crimson feather in 

 the middle of the forehead. 



Habits. This comparatively new species of Woodpecker was first dis- 

 covered by Dr. Newberry in the pine forest on the eastern border of the 

 upper Klamath Lake. Its habits appeared to him to be very similar to those 

 of P. harrisi and P. gairdncri, which inhabit the same region. The indi- 

 vidual he procured was creeping up the trunk of a large yellow pine (P. hra- 

 cliyptera), searching for insects in the bark. Its cry was very like that of 

 P. harrisi. Although killed by the first fire, a second discharge was required 

 to detach it from the limb to which it clung fast. 



According to Dr. Coues, it is resident and not uncommon in the Territory 

 of Arizona, occurring exclusively among the pine-trees. It is said to range 

 from both slopes of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, from as far north 

 at least as Oregon. Fort Whipple is supposed to be about its southern 

 limit. Dr. Coues states that this species possesses the anatomical peculiari- 

 ties of the >S^. varius, and that its habits entirely correspond. Mr. Allen found 

 it abundant on the sides of Mount Lincoln, in Colorado Territory. 



Dr. Cooper met with a straggler of this species in the valley of the Colo- 



