PICID^ — THE WOODrECKERS. 561 



domen, sides, and crissum, with patch on base of primaries, pure white, 

 the sides and breast with black streaks. Other portions glossy blue- black. 

 ^. Whole crown and nape carmine. 9 with the occiput and nape 

 alone red. 



Mo)-e than the anterior' half of the pectoral hand immaculate. 

 9 with the white frontal, black coronal, and red occipital bands 

 of about equal width. Forehead and throat only slightly tinged 

 with sulphur-yellow. Wing, 5.80; tail, 3.90; bill, 1.27. Hab. 

 Pacific Province of United States, and Northern and Western 

 Mexico ........ yav. for mi civ or us. 



9 with the white frontal band only about half as wide as the 

 black coronal, which is only about half as wide as the red occipi- 

 tal, band or patch. Forehead and throat bright sulphur-yeUow. 

 Wing, 5.40; tail, 3.65; bill, 1.23. Hab. Lower Cahfornia. 



var. august ifr ons. 



Nearly the whole of the black pectoral band variegated with luhite streaks. 



Relative width of the white, black, and red areas on the crown as in 

 formicivorus. Wing, 5.50 ; tail, 3.75 ; bill, 1.22. Hab. Middle America, 

 south of Orizaba and Mirador .... var. stria ti pectus} 



$. Nape, only, red (as in females of preceding races) ; 9 without 

 any red. 



Whole breast streaked, the black and white being in about equal 

 amount. Wing, 5.70 ; tail, 3.90 ; bill, 1.20. Hab. New Granada. 



var. fiavigula? 



Melanerpes torquatus, Bonap. 



LEWIS'S WOODPECKER. 



Picus torquatus, Wilson, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 31, pi. xx. — Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 

 82. — AuD. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 176, pi. ccccxvi. — Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 280, pi. 

 cclxxii. — SuNDEVALL, Consp. 51. Melanerpes torquatus, Bp. Consp. 1850, 115. — 

 Heermann, J. A. N. Sc. Phil. 2d ser. II, 1853, 270. — Newberry, Zobl. €al. & Or. 

 Route, 90, in P. R. R. Surv. VI, 1857. — Baird, Birds N. Am. 115. —Cooper & 

 SucKLET, 161. — Cassin. Pr. A. N. S. 1863, 327. — Lord, Pr. R. A. Inst. IV, 1864, 

 112 (nesting). — Cooper, Orn. Cal. I, 1870, 406. Picus montanus, Ord. in Guthrie's 

 Geog. 2d Am. ed. II, 1815, 316. Picus lewisii, Drapiez. (Gray.) Asyndesmios tor- 

 quatus, Coues, Pr. A. N. S. 1866, 55. 



Sp. Char. Feathers on the under parts bristle-like. Fourth quill longest ; then third 

 and fifth. Above dark glossy-green. Breast, lower part of the neck, and a narrow collar 

 all round, hoary grayish-white. Around the base of the bill and sides of the head to 



^ Melanerpes formicivorus, var. striatipectus, Ridgway. In view of the very appreciable 

 diffei'ence from the other races named, it appears necessary to name this one, in order that it 

 may rank equally with the rest. The almost entirely streaked breast is only an approach to what 

 we see, in its extreme phase, in the var. flavigula. The black vertex of the female appears 

 broader than in specimens of var. formicivonts. 



2 Melanerpes formicivorus, var. flavigula, Natt. Mclampicus flavigula (Natt.), Malh. Rev. 

 Zool. 1849, 542, Monog. Pic. II, 202, pi. xcix, f. 5, 6. Melanerpes flavigularis, ScL. P. Z. S. 

 1856, 161. This can only be considered the melanistic extreme of a species of which the var. 

 formicivorus is the rubesceut one, the transition being gradual through the var. striatipectus of 

 the intermediate region. 



VOL. II. Vl 



