MOLLITSCA OF INDIA. 



35 



G. B. Sowerby, in a paper describing nine species of Piipina in 

 1841, describes the genus more fully : — 



" Testa suhq/lindrica, vitrea, nituUssima ; anfractibus quinque ad 

 se,v, pemdtimo injlato, tdflmo paululum coarctato ; apertura circulari, 

 margine crasso, re/lexo, ad basin columella} inciso, vel emarginato ; 

 operculimi conieum, spirale." 



He says the glossy enamel which gives a brilliant polish to the 

 small terrestrial shells composing this genus seems to distinguish 

 them even from those species of Cyclostoma which most nearly 

 resemble them in having a pupiform shape and a notch at the base 

 of the columella. The question has been asked, Why not make the 

 marginal notch the criterion of the genus ? The answer is found in 

 the following facts: — first, the notch is found in Cydostomata 

 which have no other character in common with Puphue ; second, 

 that several Cydostomata have a canal at the lower part of the 

 whorl, which if continued would form a similar notch ; third, that 

 our Pupina lubrica, which could scarcely be separated from the 

 genus, has but a very slight emargination. 



Pupina, Sowerbj^ Thes. Conch, pt. i, p. 17, ex parte (1812). In 

 the monograph of the genus by G. B. Sowerby, Jun.,he divides 

 it into three groups : — Sec. 1. The axis of the spire turned 

 backwards : type P. nunezii, pi. iv. figs. 8, 9, 10, 11. Sec. 2. 

 Spire nearly straight : P. luhrica, pi. iv. figs. 12-16. Sec. 3. 

 Spire straight, with a notch at both ends of the aperture: 

 P. humilis, Jacquemont, pi. iv. fig. 2. 



Pupina. Gray (P. Z. S. 1847, p. 182) places this genus with 

 Realia and Callia after Meg alo stoma, followed by Registoma 

 and Pomatias. 



Pupina, Menke & Pfeiffer, Zeit. f. Malakol. p. 110 (1847). In two 

 divisions: — A. " Nitidissima' (Moulinsia, Grat.). .Sec. 1. 

 " Apertura Integra " : type P. nunezii, Grat. Sec. 2. " Aper- 

 tura bicanaliculata " : type P. humilis, J acq. = antiquata, Sow. 

 B. " Callo nitido destituta": type P. soiverbyi, ^h:.=pt(,pini- 

 fonnis, Sow., and l-eraudrenii is included. 



Piqyina, Menke & Pfr. Zeit. f. Malakol. p. 150 (1851). Sec. 1. 

 "Callo nitido destituta": type P. forbesi, Vh\ = P. grandis, 

 Forbes (see 'Voyage of Eattlesnake,' Appendix, p. 380, 

 pi. 2. fig. 10, operculum with typical boss at back), with 

 P. humilis, New Guinea, and P. mindorensis, Mindoro. Sec. 2. 

 "Callo nitido undique obducta": type bilinguis. Eastern 

 Australia, with P. aurea. New Ireland, and P. bicanaliculata, 

 Philippines, and P. l-eraudrenii, New Guinea, the original type 

 species. 



Pupina, Pfr., Mon. Pneumonopomorum vivent. p. 139 (1852). 



Pupina, Gray, Cat. of Phaneropneumona, or the Terrestrial Oper- 

 culated MoUusca in the Collection of the British Museum 

 (1852). Two divisions are made :— A. Shell not covered 



