188 



LANB AND FRESHWATER 



he sent home to me were most carefully selected and labelled 

 with character of the habitat &c. For their preservation he used 

 formalin, and this 1 found is admirably adapted for both large and 

 small specimens. 



Mr. H. B, Preston's name must not be omitted in connection with 

 Ceylon collections. 



CoUett's valuable labour has led to our gaining very considerable 

 knowledge of the land-shells of the island and their representatives 

 on the mainland of Southern India. The results have been 

 published by Mr. E. R. Sykes and others, including Collett himself. 

 The anatomical details have given us a far greater insight into 

 generic relationships. 



Among the first species thus sent home was a new small 8esarn- 

 like shell for which I created a new subgenus PJdlalanlca* (from 

 "Lank " or " Lanka," the well-known name of Ceylon), placing it in 

 the family Endodontidae, for in its general anatomy P. secessa came 

 nearest to the few species of that family which have been examined. 

 The shell, however, differed sufficiently from that of any subgenus 

 mentioned by Pilsbry that a new subgenus became necessary. It 

 is the first record in the Indian Region of this famiiy, so character- 

 istic of the Southern Hemisjjbere. 



Since the publication of the above paper (1898) I have been able 

 to examine other species having a marked similarity to Philalanl-a 

 secessa. The first was tJnvaitesi, leading on to Thysanota (Sykesia) 

 hiciliata and Thysanota crinigera. What is of great interest is 

 finding that the characters presented to us in these species go far to 

 show a wonderful similitude and approach to the animals of Gorilla 

 and Plectopylis. I have been led to consider sufficient grounds 

 exist for the creation of a subfamily, the Thysanotinse of the Endo- 

 dontidae, embracing these Indian genera. 



Subfamily ThysanotinjE. 



1. TdvsANOTA, Albers (.1860) I. ffiierhii, Pfr. Type. Soutlieru India. 



Proc. Malacol. Soc. p. 72, 2. hispida, Sykes. Ceylou. 



pi. V. figs. 17, 18. 3. crinigera, Benson. Southern India. 



4. eumita, Sykes. 



2. Philalanka, G.-A. (1898) ... 1. secessa, G.-A. Type. Ceylon. 



2. bolanrputticnsis, G.-A. Southern India. 



3. thwaitesi, Pfr. 



4. circumsculpta, Sykes. 



5. Jioweri, G.-A. 



3. Sykesia, Gude 1. clathratula, Pfr. Type. Ceylon. 



' Science Gossip,' vol. iii. 1 a. Ditto, var. compressa (Proc. Mai. Soo. 



(1897) pp. 300-332. vol. iii. (1898) p. 72, pi. v. figs. 13, 14). 



1 b. caliginosa, Sykes, Proc. Malacol. Soc. 



vol. iii. (1898) p. 72, pi. v. figs. 21, 22. 



2. retifera, Pfr. 



3. hiciliata, Pfr. 



4. euliginosa. 



* " On Philalanka, a new Subgenus of Endodonta, with Descriptions of two 

 new Species from the Indian Region," Proc. Malacol. Soc. vol. iii. pt. 1 (April 

 1898), p. ll,pl. i. 



